Menschikowski Mario, Hagelgans Albert, Siegert Gabriele
Technische Universität Dresden, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Institut für Klinische Chemie and Laboratoriumsmedizin, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 2006 Mar;79(1-2):1-33. doi: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2005.10.005. Epub 2005 Dec 27.
Since its discovery in the serum of patients with severe inflammation and in rheumatoid arthritic fluids, the secretory phospholipase A2 of group IIA (sPLA2-IIA) has been chiefly considered as a proinflammatory enzyme, the result of which has been very intense interest in selective inhibitors of sPLA2-IIA in the hope of developing new and efficient therapies for inflammatory diseases. The recent discovery of the antibacterial properties of sPLA2-IIA, however, has raised the question of whether the upregulation of sPLA2-IIA during inflammation is to be considered uniformly negative and the hindrance of sPLA2-IIA in every instance beneficial. The aim of this review is for this reason, along with the results of various investigations which argue for the proinflammatory and proatherogenic effects of an upregulation of sPLA2-IIA, also to array data alongside which point to a protective function of sPLA2-IIA during inflammation. Thus, it could be shown that sPLA2-IIA, apart from the bactericidal effects, possesses also antithrombotic properties and indeed plays a possible role in the resolution of inflammation and the accelerated clearance of oxidatively modified lipoproteins during inflammation via the liver and adrenals. Based on these multipotent properties the knowledge of the function of sPLA2-IIA during inflammation is a fundamental prerequisite for the development and establishment of new therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat severe inflammatory diseases up to and including sepsis.
自IIA组分泌型磷脂酶A2（sPLA2-IIA）在重症炎症患者血清及类风湿性关节炎关节液中被发现以来，它主要被视为一种促炎酶，这使得人们对sPLA2-IIA的选择性抑制剂产生了浓厚兴趣，希望开发出治疗炎症性疾病的新型有效疗法。然而，最近发现sPLA2-IIA具有抗菌特性，这就引发了一个问题：炎症期间sPLA2-IIA的上调是否一概被视为负面现象，而抑制sPLA2-IIA在任何情况下是否都有益。因此，本综述的目的是，结合各种支持sPLA2-IIA上调具有促炎和促动脉粥样硬化作用的研究结果，同时罗列表明sPLA2-IIA在炎症期间具有保护功能的数据。由此可见，sPLA2-IIA除了具有杀菌作用外，还具有抗血栓特性，并且在炎症消退以及炎症期间通过肝脏和肾上腺加速清除氧化修饰脂蛋白的过程中可能发挥作用。基于这些多方面的特性，了解sPLA2-IIA在炎症期间的功能是制定和确立预防及治疗包括败血症在内的严重炎症性疾病的新治疗策略的基本前提。
