Rodriguez-Chavez Isaac R, Allen Mary, Hill Edgar L, Sheets Rebecca L, Pensiero Michael, Bradac James A, D'Souza M Patricia
Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2006 Feb;3(1):39-47. doi: 10.1007/s11904-006-0007-0.
Recent advances in science, which have aided HIV-1 vaccine development, include an improved understanding of HIV-1 envelope structure and function, expansion of the pipeline with innovative vaccine strategies, promising multi-gene and multi-clade vaccines that elicit cellular immunity, conduct of clinical trials in a global network, and development of validated techniques that enable simultaneous measurement of multiple T cell vaccine-induced immune responses in humans. A common feature of several preventive vaccine strategies now in early clinical trials is their ability in nonhuman primates to attenuate clinical disease rather than completely prevent HIV-1 infection. One vaccine concept has been tested in large-scale clinical trials, two are currently in efficacy trials, and one more is poised to enter efficacy trial in the next few years. Simultaneously, expanded efforts continue to identify new designs that induce mucosal immunity as well as broadly neutralizing antibodies.
在助力HIV-1疫苗研发方面，科学领域的最新进展包括：对HIV-1包膜结构与功能有了更深入的理解；通过创新疫苗策略拓宽了研发渠道；出现了有望引发细胞免疫的多基因和多分支疫苗；在全球网络中开展了临床试验；开发出了能同时测量多种T细胞疫苗诱导的人体免疫反应的经过验证的技术。目前处于早期临床试验阶段的几种预防性疫苗策略的一个共同特点是，它们在非人类灵长类动物中能够减轻临床疾病，而非完全预防HIV-1感染。一种疫苗概念已在大规模临床试验中进行了测试，两种目前正在进行疗效试验，还有一种准备在未来几年进入疗效试验。与此同时，人们继续加大力度，以确定能诱导黏膜免疫以及广泛中和抗体的新设计。
