Gewiss M, Heidbreder C, Opsomer L, Durbin P, De Witte P
Laboratoire de Psychobiologie, Université de Louvain, Belgium.
Alcohol Alcohol. 1991;26(2):129-37. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.alcalc.a045093.
The effects of Acamprosate (the calcium salt of an acetylated form of homotaurine) and the benzodiazepine-receptor agonist Diazepam, were investigated on the alcohol-induced behavioural preference towards alcohol following chronic alcoholization by inhalation. We also examined the effects of Acamprosate and Diazepam on the blood alcohol level (BAL) and on the cortical microvascular network. Acamprosate (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg daily per os during the alcoholization period) did not significantly reduce either BAL or alcohol-induced cortical hypervascularization. Increasing dosages of Acamprosate (i.e. 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day), however, progressively reduced preference for alcohol as expressed in a free choice beverage procedure, whereas 400 mg/kg/day of Acamprosate immediately stopped this behaviour. Acamprosate (50 mg/kg/day) also reduced the spontaneous activity of rats during the withdrawal syndrome. By contrast, Diazepam (5 mg/kg) induced inversion in the animals' choice (i.e. increased water consumption versus decreased alcohol intake) during the same experimental procedure, and potentiated the alcohol-induced hypermotility of the animals during the withdrawal syndrome without altering cortical hypervascularization. Taken together, our data provide evidence that both substances exert dose-dependent effects on preference towards alcohol, but display opposite profiles on spontaneous motor activity during the withdrawal phase without any modification of brain microvascularization or blood alcohol levels.
通过吸入法对大鼠进行慢性酒精化处理后，研究了阿坎酸（同型牛磺酸乙酰化形式的钙盐）和苯二氮䓬受体激动剂地西泮对酒精诱导的行为性酒精偏好的影响。我们还研究了阿坎酸和地西泮对血液酒精水平（BAL）和皮质微血管网络的影响。在酒精化期间，阿坎酸（每天经口给予50、100、200和400 mg/kg）并未显著降低BAL或酒精诱导的皮质血管过度增生。然而，随着阿坎酸剂量增加（即50、100和200 mg/kg/天），在自由选择饮料实验中所表现出的对酒精的偏好逐渐降低，而每天400 mg/kg的阿坎酸可立即阻止这种行为。阿坎酸（50 mg/kg/天）还可降低大鼠在戒断综合征期间的自发活动。相比之下，在相同实验过程中，地西泮（5 mg/kg）可导致动物选择反转（即水摄入量增加而酒精摄入量减少），并在戒断综合征期间增强酒精诱导的动物运动亢进，且不改变皮质血管过度增生。综上所述，我们的数据表明，这两种物质对酒精偏好均有剂量依赖性影响，但在戒断期对自发运动活动呈现相反的作用模式，且对脑微血管化或血液酒精水平无任何改变。
