MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2006 Mar 10;55(9):242-4.
Hurricane Katrina struck the coastal regions of Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi on August 29, 2005, resulting in one of the worst natural disasters in U.S. history. The city of New Orleans, Louisiana, was further damaged by severe flooding when major levees broke and released water from Lake Pontchartrain. Residents were evacuated to neighboring states and cities, including San Antonio, Texas. On September 3, 2005, approximately 12,700 evacuees arrived in San Antonio and were housed in four primary evacuation centers (ECs). Although many evacuees in San Antonio soon found other accommodations, as of September 16, 2005, approximately 3,700 evacuees remained in ECs awaiting resumption of public services in New Orleans. To assess evacuee needs for clinical care, public health services, and housing assistance, the San Antonio Metropolitan Health District (Metro Health) requested CDC assistance to conduct a needs assessment of heads of households in the ECs. This report summarizes the findings of that survey, which identified substantial numbers of evacuees with chronic health conditions, physical or mental disabilities, and needs for counseling and housing assistance. The findings underscore the need to augment local public health and public assistance resources to address ongoing health and housing needs of evacuee populations.
2005年8月29日，卡特里娜飓风袭击了阿拉巴马州、佛罗里达州、路易斯安那州和密西西比州的沿海地区，造成了美国历史上最严重的自然灾害之一。路易斯安那州的新奥尔良市因主要堤坝决口，庞恰特雷恩湖的湖水涌入，遭受了更严重的洪水破坏。居民被疏散到包括得克萨斯州圣安东尼奥在内的邻近州和城市。2005年9月3日，约12700名疏散人员抵达圣安东尼奥，并被安置在四个主要疏散中心。尽管圣安东尼奥的许多疏散人员很快找到了其他住处，但截至2005年9月16日，仍有约3700名疏散人员留在疏散中心，等待新奥尔良恢复公共服务。为评估疏散人员在临床护理、公共卫生服务和住房援助方面的需求，圣安东尼奥市大都会卫生区请求疾病控制与预防中心提供协助，对疏散中心的户主进行需求评估。本报告总结了该调查的结果，调查发现大量疏散人员患有慢性健康问题、身体或精神残疾，并且需要咨询和住房援助。这些结果强调需要增加当地公共卫生和公共援助资源，以满足疏散人员持续的健康和住房需求。
