Patel K S, Shrivas K, Hoffmann P, Jakubowski N
School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, India.
Environ Geochem Health. 2006 Feb-Apr;28(1-2):11-17. doi: 10.1007/s10653-005-9006-0.
Lead (Pb) is of major environmental concern due to its toxicological importance. The anthropogenic emission of Pb is at least 100 times higher than natural emissions. Soil and dust are significant sources of Pb exposure. Lead is generally immobile in soil and accumulates in the upper layers. Lead particles may enter homes via shoes, clothes, pets, and windows. Central India is rich in deposits of natural resource materials such as coal, pyrite, dolomite, and alumina that contain Pb and other heavy metals at the trace levels, and the substantial exploitation of these materials has tended to increased contamination of water and geological formations. Here we present data on Pb concentrations in the water, soil and sediment samples (n=158) collected from 70 locations in Chhattisgarh state, Raipur region. Lead concentrations in the surface water (n=44), groundwater (n=44), soils (n=60) and sediments (n=10) ranged from 6 to 1410, 3 to 52, 12.8 to 545, and 31 to 423 microg g(-1), with mean values of 305, 16, 102 and 190 microg g(-1), respectively. Most of the Pb fractions of >80% can be leached out with the chemical extractants EDTA, acetic acid, and hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Lead has accumulated in the soil clay fraction due to its relatively large surface area and decreases with increasing depth in the soil profile.
铅（Pb）因其毒理学重要性而成为主要的环境关注点。铅的人为排放量至少比自然排放量高100倍。土壤和灰尘是铅暴露的重要来源。铅在土壤中通常不易移动，并在上层积累。铅颗粒可能通过鞋子、衣服、宠物和窗户进入家庭。印度中部富含自然资源材料的矿床，如煤、黄铁矿、白云石和氧化铝，这些材料含有痕量水平的铅和其他重金属，对这些材料的大量开采往往会增加水和地质构造的污染。在此，我们展示了从赖布尔地区恰蒂斯加尔邦70个地点采集的水、土壤和沉积物样本（n = 158）中的铅浓度数据。地表水（n = 44）、地下水（n = 44）、土壤（n = 60）和沉积物（n = 10）中的铅浓度范围分别为6至1410、3至52、12.8至545和31至423微克/克（-1），平均值分别为305、16、102和190微克/克（-1）。超过80%的铅组分可用化学萃取剂乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）、乙酸和盐酸羟胺浸出。由于土壤粘粒部分表面积相对较大，铅已在其中积累，并随土壤剖面深度增加而降低。
