Ahmed A M, Sulaiman W N
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Environ Manage. 2001 Nov;28(5):655-63. doi: 10.1007/s002670010250.
Landfills are sources of groundwater and soil pollution due to the production of leachate and its migration through refuse. This study was conducted in order to determine the extent of groundwater and soil pollution within and around the landfill of Seri Petaling located in the State of Selangor, Malaysia. The condition of nearby surface water was also determined. An electrical resistivity imaging survey was used to investigate the leachate production within the landfill. Groundwater geochemistry was carried out and chemical analysis of water samples was conducted upstream and downstream of the landfill. Surface water was also analyzed in order to determine its quality. Soil chemical analysis was performed on soil samples taken from different locations within and around the landfill in the vadose zone (unsaturated zone) and below the water table (in the soil saturated zone). The resistivity image along line L-L1 indicated the presence of large zones of decomposed waste bodies saturated with highly conducting leachate. Analysis of trace elements indicated their presence in very low concentrations and did not reflect any sign of heavy metal pollution of ground and surface water or of soil. Major ions represented by Na, K, and Cl were found in anomalous concentrations in the groundwater of the downstream bore hole, where they are 99.1%, 99.2%, and 99.4%, respectively, higher compared to the upstream bore hole. Electrical conductivity (EC) was also found in anomalous concentration downstream. Ca and Mg ions represent the water hardness (which is comparatively high downstream). There is a general trend of pollution towards the downstream area. Sulfates (SO4) and nitrates (NO3) are found in the area in low concentrations, even below the WHO standards for drinking water, but are significantly higher in the surface water compared to the groundwater. Phosphate (PO4) and nitrite (NO2), although present in low levels, are significantly higher at the downstream. There is no significant difference in the amount of fluoride (F) in the different locations. In the soil vadose zone, heavy metals were found to be in their typical normal ranges and within the background concentrations. Soil exchangeable bases were significantly higher in the soil saturated zone compared to the vadose zone, and no significant difference was obtained in the levels of inorganic pollutants. With the exception of Cd, the concentration ranges of all trace elements (Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, and Ni) of Seri Petaling landfill soils were below the upper limits of baseline concentrations published from different sources.
由于渗滤液的产生及其在垃圾中的迁移，垃圾填埋场是地下水和土壤污染的源头。本研究旨在确定位于马来西亚雪兰莪州斯里士达令垃圾填埋场及其周边地区的地下水和土壤污染程度。同时也对附近地表水的状况进行了测定。采用电阻率成像法调查垃圾填埋场内渗滤液的产生情况。开展了地下水地球化学研究，并对垃圾填埋场上游和下游的水样进行了化学分析。还对地表水进行了分析以确定其水质。对取自垃圾填埋场及其周边不同位置的渗流带（非饱和带）和地下水位以下（土壤饱和带）的土壤样本进行了土壤化学分析。沿L-L1线的电阻率成像显示存在大片被高导电性渗滤液饱和的分解废物区域。微量元素分析表明它们的浓度极低，没有反映出对地下水、地表水或土壤有任何重金属污染的迹象。在下游钻孔的地下水中，以钠、钾和氯为代表的主要离子浓度异常，分别比上游钻孔高99.1%、99.2%和99.4%。下游的电导率（EC）也出现异常浓度。钙和镁离子代表水的硬度（下游相对较高）。总体上存在向下游区域污染的趋势。该区域硫酸盐（SO4）和硝酸盐（NO3）浓度较低，甚至低于世界卫生组织的饮用水标准，但地表水中的含量明显高于地下水。磷酸盐（PO4）和亚硝酸盐（NO2）虽然含量较低，但在下游显著更高。不同位置的氟化物（F）含量没有显著差异。在土壤渗流带，重金属含量处于典型的正常范围且在背景浓度之内。与渗流带相比，土壤饱和带的土壤交换性碱明显更高，无机污染物含量没有显著差异。除镉外，斯里士达令垃圾填埋场土壤中所有微量元素（铜、锌、铬、铅和镍）的浓度范围均低于不同来源公布的基线浓度上限。
