Rocha Geila A, Rocha Edmundo J M, Martins Ceci V
Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
J Pediatr (Rio J). 2006 Jan-Feb;82(1):70-4. doi: 10.2223/JPED.1440.
To evaluate the nutritional status of children at hospital admission and again at hospital discharge and to investigate factors associated with the onset and/or exacerbation of malnutrition.
An observational study of 203 children under 5 years old admitted to a hospital in the city of Fortaleza between August and December 2003. Nutritional status, expressed in z-scores for weight/age, stature/age and weight/stature, was compared at the time of admission and on hospital discharge and broken down by sex, age, condition responsible for hospitalization and length of hospital stay.
On admission prevalence rates for moderate and/or severe malnutrition (z-score < -2) were 18.7, 18.2 and 6.9%, for weight/age, stature/age and weight/stature, respectively. During their stay in hospital 51.6% of the 186 children who completed the study lost weight, with most weight being lost by those with prolonged hospital stays and pneumonia as the disease responsible for their hospitalization. Children who had malnutrition on admission were still malnourished at hospital discharge and 10 (9.17%) well-nourished children developed mild malnutrition while hospitalized.
The prevalence of malnutrition at the time of admission was elevated and remained unchanged by discharge. Prolonged hospitalization and pneumonia were linked with weight loss in hospital.
评估儿童入院时及出院时的营养状况，并调查与营养不良发生和/或加重相关的因素。
对2003年8月至12月间入住福塔雷萨市一家医院的203名5岁以下儿童进行了一项观察性研究。比较入院时和出院时以体重/年龄、身高/年龄和体重/身高的z评分表示的营养状况，并按性别、年龄、住院病因和住院时间进行分类。
入院时，体重/年龄、身高/年龄和体重/身高的中度和/或重度营养不良（z评分＜-2）患病率分别为18.7%、18.2%和6.9%。在住院期间，完成研究的186名儿童中有51.6%体重减轻，住院时间延长且因肺炎住院的儿童体重减轻最多。入院时营养不良的儿童出院时仍营养不良，10名（9.17%）营养良好的儿童在住院期间发展为轻度营养不良。
入院时营养不良的患病率较高，出院时无变化。住院时间延长和肺炎与住院期间体重减轻有关。
