Thoracic endografts: procedural steps, technical pitfalls and how to avoid them.

Recent US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of a thoracic endograft has created explosive interest among physicians to learn to use this minimally invasive technology. The level of interest is similar to the period more than a decade ago, following FDA approval of infrarenal abdominal endografts, which initiated the "endo" revolution among vascular specialists. Many physicians view the descending thoracic aorta as a simple, straight tube and, thus, technically less challenging than endografts for infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm. However, the thoracic aorta presents certain unique features that make this a challenging procedure. Technical challenges posed by the thoracic aorta have resulted in a significant time-lag (since release of abdominal aortic aneurysm endografts), testing the ability of engineers and physicians to devise and complete trials successful enough for FDA approval of thoracic endografts. This article addresses the various procedural steps and tips on avoiding pitfalls.