De Guzman Lilia I, Rinderer Thomas E, Bigalk Manley, Tubbs Hubert, Bernard Steve J
USDA-ARS Honey Bee Breeding, Genetics, and Physiology Laboratory, 1157 Ben Hur Rd., Baton Rouge, LA 70820-5502, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2005 Dec;98(6):1796-801. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493-98.6.1796.
Honey bee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), colonies infested by parasitic mites are more prone to suffer from a variety of stresses, including cold temperature. We evaluated the overwintering ability of candidate breeder lines of Russian honey bees, most of which are resistant to both Varroa destructor Anderson & Trueman and Acarapis woodi (Rennie), during 1999-2001. Our results indicate that Russian honey bee colonies (headed by original and supersedure queens) can successfully overwinter in the north, even during adverse weather conditions, owing to their frugal use of food stores and their resistance to tracheal mite infestations. In contrast, colonies of Italian honey bees consumed more food, had more mites, and lost more adult bees than Russian honey bees, even during unusually mild winter conditions.
西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L.，膜翅目：蜜蜂科），受到寄生螨侵害的蜂群更容易遭受包括低温在内的各种压力。我们在1999 - 2001年期间评估了俄罗斯蜜蜂候选育种系的越冬能力，其中大多数对狄斯瓦螨（Varroa destructor Anderson & Trueman）和武氏蜂盾螨（Acarapis woodi (Rennie)）都具有抗性。我们的结果表明，俄罗斯蜜蜂蜂群（由原始蜂王和更替蜂王领导）即使在恶劣天气条件下也能在北方成功越冬，这得益于它们对食物储备的节俭使用以及对气管螨感染的抗性。相比之下，即使在异常温和的冬季条件下，意大利蜜蜂蜂群比俄罗斯蜜蜂消耗更多食物，有更多螨虫，且成年蜜蜂损失更多。
