Thomas Donald B, Mangan Robert L
USDA-ARS, Kika de la Garza Subtropical Agriculture Research Center, 2413 E. Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2005 Dec;98(6):1950-6. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493-98.6.1950.
Bait sprays containing the toxicant spinosad (GF-120) were applied to citrus groves in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas where Mexican fruit flies were detected in surveillance traps. The sprays were applied as a supplement to a continuous sterile insect release program. Sterile fly captures were 47-63% lower in the treated groves compared with control groves. Eight of 10 secondary pest populations declined in the test groves subsequent to spray applications, but they also declined in the control groves, suggesting that the decline was a seasonal phenomenon rather than a result of the bait sprays. Citrus whitefly, Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead), populations increased modestly and citrus blackfly, Aleurocanthus woglumi (Ashby), populations remained unchanged compared with pretreatment levels. Thus, no outbreaks of secondary pests occurred as a result of the spinosad bait sprays in this instance, as has been reported for malathion bait sprays in citrus. The bait sprays had no detectable effect on populations of specific indicator species of parasitoids (including Aphytis spp. and Comperiella bifasciata Howard), or on numbers of beneficial insects in general, in the treated groves.
在得克萨斯州里奥格兰德河谷的柑橘园中，发现监测诱捕器中有墨西哥果蝇，于是对这些果园喷洒了含有多杀菌素（GF - 120）的诱饵喷雾。这些喷雾是作为持续不育昆虫释放计划的补充措施进行喷洒的。与对照果园相比，处理过的果园中不育果蝇的捕获量降低了47% - 63%。在喷雾处理后的试验果园中，10种次要害虫种群中有8种数量下降，但对照果园中的这些害虫种群数量也下降了，这表明数量下降是季节性现象，而非诱饵喷雾的结果。与处理前水平相比，柑橘粉虱（Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead)）种群数量略有增加，柑橘黑刺粉虱（Aleurocanthus woglumi (Ashby)）种群数量保持不变。因此，在这种情况下，与柑橘中马拉硫磷诱饵喷雾的情况不同，多杀菌素诱饵喷雾并未导致次要害虫爆发。诱饵喷雾对处理过的果园中特定寄生蜂指示物种（包括蚜小蜂属（Aphytis spp.）和双带巨角跳小蜂（Comperiella bifasciata Howard））的种群数量，或对有益昆虫的总体数量均未产生可检测到的影响。
