Vitamin D receptors and compensatory tissue growth in spontaneously diabetic BB rats.

Untreated diabetic (BB) rats exhibited compensatory intestinal growth which was associated with hyperplasia and was accompanied by an increase in unoccupied vitamin D receptors. Although vitamin D receptors were increased, low circulating 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] prevented amplification of the action of 1,25(OH)2D3, as evidenced by reductions in calbindin D-9K and alkaline phosphatase activity in the BB rat intestine compared to control. In the kidney, a lesser degree of compensatory growth was observed which was not associated with hyperplasia, and no significant effect of diabetes on vitamin D receptors or calbindin D-28K was observed. These studies suggest tissue-specific changes in 1,25(OH)2D3 metabolism during spontaneous diabetes which may be related to the hyperplasia which occurs during compensatory tissue growth.