McDougall Elspeth M, Corica Federico A, Chou David S, Uribe Carlos A, Abdelshehid Corollos S, Boker John R, Khonsari Sepi S, Eichel Lou, Lee David, Finley David S, Hogg Deborah, Cadeddu Jeffrey A, Pearle Margaret S, Clayman Ralph V
Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California 92868, USA.
J Endourol. 2006 Mar;20(3):209-14. doi: 10.1089/end.2006.20.209.
An objective evaluation of innate ability and its ability to predict potential success as a surgical trainee is an appealing concept for the selection process of residency applications. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether basic elements of performance (BEP) could discriminate among resident applicants and urologists with various extents of surgical experience.
One hundred forty-five participants were divided into four study groups: group A, 57 urology residency applicants to the 2002 and 2003 interview process; group B, 8 post-internship urology residents; group C, 19 urologists tested with BEP within 10 years of graduation from their residency training program; and group D, 61 urologists who had graduated from their residency training program more than 10 years prior to testing. The BEP measures consisted of 13 basic performance resources (BPR) including visual-information processing speed, visual-spatial immediate-recall capacity, and neuromotor channel capacity.
The four study groups differed significantly in their mean age: group A=27.6 years, group B=29.1 years, group C=37.1 years, and group D=48.9 years (P<0.0005). There was essentially no significant difference between the groups with regard to immediate-recall memory, reaction time simple, or reaction time complicated. The younger participants (groups A and B) were faster than the older surgeons (groups C and D) (P<0.02). However, the older surgeons (groups C and D) were significantly more accurate than the younger groups (A and B) (P<0.0005). The only sex differences noted were in hand-grip strength and shoulder-strength scores, which were all higher in the men.
There generally appears to be a lack of direct correlation between innate abilities and surgical experience. Urology resident applicants with no surgical experience and urology residents with limited surgical experience are faster but less accurate in innate skills testing than experienced practicing urologists.
对作为外科实习生的先天能力及其预测潜在成功的能力进行客观评估，是住院医师申请选拔过程中一个颇具吸引力的概念。本研究的目的是评估操作基本要素（BEP）能否区分不同手术经验程度的住院医师申请者和泌尿科医生。
145名参与者被分为四个研究组：A组，57名参加2002年和2003年面试过程的泌尿外科住院医师申请者；B组，8名实习后泌尿外科住院医师；C组，19名在完成住院医师培训项目毕业10年内接受BEP测试的泌尿科医生；D组，61名在测试前10年以上就已完成住院医师培训项目毕业的泌尿科医生。BEP测量包括13种基本操作资源（BPR），包括视觉信息处理速度、视觉空间即时回忆能力和神经运动通道能力。
四个研究组的平均年龄有显著差异：A组=27.6岁，B组=29.1岁，C组=37.1岁，D组=48.9岁（P<0.0005）。在即时回忆记忆、简单反应时间或复杂反应时间方面，各组之间基本没有显著差异。较年轻的参与者（A组和B组）比年长的外科医生（C组和D组）速度更快（P<0.02）。然而，年长的外科医生（C组和D组）比年轻组（A组和B组）显著更准确（P<0.0005）。唯一观察到的性别差异在于握力和肩部力量得分，男性的得分均更高。
先天能力与手术经验之间通常似乎缺乏直接关联。没有手术经验的泌尿外科住院医师申请者和手术经验有限的泌尿外科住院医师在先天技能测试中速度更快，但准确性不如经验丰富的执业泌尿科医生。
