Forsterlee Robert, Forsterlee Lynne, Horowitz Irwin A, King Ellen
Central Queensland University, School of Psychology and Sociology, Bruce Highway, North Rockhampton, Qld 4702, Australia.
Behav Sci Law. 2006;24(2):179-98. doi: 10.1002/bsl.675.
The effects of defendant race, victim race, and juror gender on sentencing and information processing were examined within the context of a murder trial. A sample consisting of 96, jury eligible White Australians read one of four versions of a real trial transcript, in which the race of a male defendant and female victim were varied. The participants imposed the severest sentences on the Indigenous (Black) defendant. Jurors were most lenient with White defendants who killed a White victim. Female jurors were more punitive than the males toward the Indigenous defendant. Jurors processed evidence systematically in same-race trials, but used both systematic and heuristic processing in mixed-race trials. In these instances, female jurors employed significantly more emotive responses, especially when the victim was Black. The effects of subtle racism and the black processing effect when the victim was non-White are considered.
在一场谋杀案审判的背景下，研究了被告种族、受害者种族和陪审员性别对量刑及信息处理的影响。一个由96名符合担任陪审员条件的澳大利亚白人组成的样本，阅读了一份真实审判记录的四个版本之一，其中男性被告和女性受害者的种族有所不同。参与者对土著（黑人）被告判处了最严厉的刑罚。陪审员对杀害白人受害者的白人被告最为宽容。女性陪审员对土著被告比男性更具惩罚性。在同种族审判中，陪审员会系统地处理证据，但在不同种族审判中会同时使用系统处理和启发式处理。在这些情况下，女性陪审员会产生明显更多的情感反应，尤其是当受害者是黑人时。研究还考虑了微妙种族主义的影响以及受害者为非白人时的黑人处理效应。
