Pontremoli Roberto, Leoncini Giovanna, Viazzi Francesca, Ratto Elena, Vaccaro Valentina, Falqui Valeria, Parodi Angelica, Conti Novella, Tomolillo Cinzia, Deferrari Giacomo
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy.
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006 Apr;17(4 Suppl 2):S112-4. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2005121327.
Microalbuminuria, i.e., abnormal urinary excretion of albumin, which is detectable by low cost and widely available tests, is a first-line tool for identifying hypertensive patients who are at higher cardiovascular (CV) risk. Numerous studies have provided evidence that microalbuminuria is a concomitant of cardiac and vascular damage as well as a strong, independent predictor of CV events. An important, emerging issue is that the risk for CV morbidity and mortality is linearly related to urinary albumin excretion and persists well below the currently used cutoff for defining microalbuminuria. Furthermore, late-breaking evidence suggests that a reduction of albuminuria under antihypertensive treatment is paralleled by changes in CV risk. The routine search for target organ damage by means of microalbuminuria could lead to a significant improvement in the evaluation and treatment of patients with primary hypertension.
微量白蛋白尿，即白蛋白的异常尿排泄，可通过低成本且广泛可用的检测方法检测到，是识别心血管（CV）风险较高的高血压患者的一线工具。大量研究已提供证据表明，微量白蛋白尿是心脏和血管损伤的伴随症状，也是CV事件的有力独立预测指标。一个重要的新问题是，CV发病和死亡风险与尿白蛋白排泄呈线性相关，且在目前用于定义微量白蛋白尿的临界值以下仍持续存在。此外，最新证据表明，降压治疗下白蛋白尿的减少与CV风险的变化平行。通过微量白蛋白尿常规筛查靶器官损伤可能会显著改善原发性高血压患者的评估和治疗。
