Bińkowska Małgorzata, Debski Romuald
Klinika Połoznictwa i Ginekologii Centrum Medycznego Kształcenia Podyplomowego, Warszawa.
Ginekol Pol. 2005 Nov;76(11):863-70.
The study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of cervical cancer prophylactics by identification of the time of last cervical cytological examination as well as by recognition of frequency of repeated cervical cytological examinations and reimbursement for the examination costs in representative sample of Polish women aged 45-54.
The study was conducted with the use of a standardized questionnaire in April 2004 in Polish nation-wide representative sample of 1083 women selected by random-route method. The study was adjusted for the following controllable variables: age, place of residence and its number of inhabitants, province.
For the last 3 years cytological examination of cervical smear has been performed in 58% of women regardless of their age and education including 32% for the last year. Between 3 and 10 years ago the examination had been performed in 16% of women. As many as 14% of respondents admitted that they had never had this examination. 5% declared having the examination more than 10 years ago, 4% could not remember having this examination at all and the remaining women either were not aware of this examination or did not answer this question. Cervical cytological examinations repeated regularly every 12-18 months were declared by 30% of women. Regular cervical cytological examinations were performed significantly more often among women using hormonal replacement therapy (54%) and those living in big cities (44%). These examinations were free of charge for 823 of women.
Considerable proportion (42%) of women aged 45-54 years have not had cervical cytology performed for the last 3 years. More than a half of them (23%) do not care about their health and are not aware how important this examination is. As few as 30% of women have regular cytologic examinations. These are more often women interested in hormonal replacement therapy and big city dwellers.
本研究旨在通过确定上次宫颈细胞学检查时间、识别重复宫颈细胞学检查频率以及报销检查费用，来评估宫颈癌预防措施在45 - 54岁波兰女性代表性样本中的有效性。
2004年4月，采用标准化问卷对通过随机路线法选取的1083名波兰全国代表性女性样本进行了研究。该研究针对以下可控变量进行了调整：年龄、居住地点及其居民数量、省份。
在过去3年中，58%的女性进行了宫颈涂片细胞学检查，无论其年龄和教育程度如何，其中去年进行检查的占32%。3至10年前，16%的女性进行过该项检查。多达14%的受访者承认她们从未进行过此项检查。5%的人宣称10多年前进行过检查，4%的人完全不记得进行过此项检查，其余女性要么不知道有此项检查，要么未回答该问题。30%的女性宣称每12 - 18个月定期进行宫颈细胞学检查。使用激素替代疗法的女性（54%）和居住在大城市的女性（44%）定期进行宫颈细胞学检查的频率明显更高。823名女性的这些检查是免费的。
在45 - 54岁的女性中，相当大比例（42%）的人在过去3年中未进行宫颈细胞学检查。其中超过一半（23%）的人不关心自己的健康，也未意识到这项检查有多重要。只有30%的女性定期进行细胞学检查。这些女性更多是对激素替代疗法感兴趣的女性以及大城市居民。
