Zaman K, Yunus M, Arifeen S E, Baqui A H, Sack D A, Hossain S, Rahim Z, Ali M, Banu S, Islam M A, Begum N, Begum V, Breiman R F, Black R E
ICDDR,B, Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Epidemiol Infect. 2006 Oct;134(5):1052-9. doi: 10.1017/S0950268806006108. Epub 2006 Mar 29.
The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) in a rural area in Bangladesh at Matlab. A TB surveillance system was established among 106,000 people in rural Bangladesh at Matlab. Trained field workers interviewed all persons aged > or = 15 years to detect suspected cases of TB (cough > 21 days) and sputum specimens of suspected cases were examined for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Of 59,395 persons interviewed, 4235 (7.1%) had a cough for > 21 days. Sputum specimens were examined for AFB from 3834 persons, 52 (1.4%) of them were positive for AFB. The prevalence of chronic cough and sputum positivity were significantly higher among males compared to females (P < 0.001). The population-based prevalence rate of smear-positive TB cases was 95/100,000 among persons aged > or = 15 years. Cases of TB clustered geographically (relative risk 5.53, 95% CI 3.19-9.59). The high burden of TB among rural population warrants appropriate measures to control TB in Bangladesh. The higher prevalence of persistent cough and AFB-positive sputum among males need further exploration. Factors responsible for higher prevalence of TB in clusters should be investigated.
该研究的目的是确定孟加拉国Matlab农村地区涂片阳性结核病（TB）的患病率。在孟加拉国Matlab农村地区的106,000人中建立了一个结核病监测系统。经过培训的现场工作人员询问了所有年龄≥15岁的人，以检测疑似结核病病例（咳嗽超过21天），并对疑似病例的痰标本进行抗酸杆菌（AFB）检查。在接受访谈的59,395人中，4235人（7.1%）咳嗽超过21天。对3834人的痰标本进行了AFB检查，其中52人（1.4%）AFB呈阳性。男性的慢性咳嗽和痰阳性患病率显著高于女性（P<0.001）。在年龄≥15岁的人群中，基于人群的涂片阳性结核病病例患病率为95/100,000。结核病病例在地理上呈聚集性（相对风险5.53，95%CI 3.19-9.59）。农村人口中结核病的高负担情况需要在孟加拉国采取适当措施来控制结核病。男性中持续性咳嗽和AFB阳性痰的患病率较高，这需要进一步探究。应调查导致结核病在聚集区患病率较高的因素。
