International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, ICDDR,B, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Epidemiol Infect. 2012 Jun;140(6):1018-27. doi: 10.1017/S0950268811001609. Epub 2011 Aug 31.
The aim of this study was to determine the nationwide prevalence of smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) in Bangladesh. A multi-stage cluster survey of a random sample of persons aged ≥ 15 years was included in 40 clusters (20 urban, 20 rural). Two sputum samples were collected from study participants and tested initially by fluorescence microscopy and confirmed by the Ziehl-Neelsen method. The crude and adjusted prevalence rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using standard methods. A total of 33 new smear-positive TB cases were detected among 52 098 individuals who participated in the study. The average participation rate was over 80%. The overall crude prevalence of new smear-positive TB in persons aged ≥ 15 years was estimated as 63.3/100 000 (95% CI 43.6-88.9) and the adjusted prevalence was 79.4/100 000 (95% CI 47.1-133.8). TB prevalence was higher in males (n = 24) and in rural areas (n = 20). The prevalence was highest in the 55-64 years age group (201/100 000) and lowest in 15-24 years age group (43.0/100 000). The prevalence was higher in persons with no education (138.6/100 000, 95% CI 78.4-245.0). The overall prevalence of smear-positive TB was significantly lower than the prevalence estimate of the previous nationwide survey in Bangladesh in 1987-1988 (870/100 000).
本研究旨在确定孟加拉国全国范围内涂阳肺结核（TB）的患病率。该研究采用多阶段聚类抽样方法，从 40 个群组（20 个城市，20 个农村）中抽取了年龄≥15 岁的随机样本。研究对象采集了两份痰样本，最初通过荧光显微镜进行检测，然后用齐-尼氏染色法进行确认。采用标准方法计算了粗患病率和调整后患病率及其 95%置信区间（CI）。在参与研究的 52098 人中，共发现 33 例新的涂阳 TB 病例。平均参与率超过 80%。≥15 岁人群中新涂阳 TB 的总体粗患病率估计为 63.3/100000（95%CI 43.6-88.9），调整后患病率为 79.4/100000（95%CI 47.1-133.8）。男性（n=24）和农村地区（n=20）的 TB 患病率较高。55-64 岁年龄组的患病率最高（201/100000），15-24 岁年龄组的患病率最低（43.0/100000）。未接受教育者（138.6/100000，95%CI 78.4-245.0）的患病率较高。总体涂阳 TB 患病率明显低于 1987-1988 年孟加拉国全国性调查的患病率估计值（870/100000）。
