Emanuelli Andrés, Izquierdo Natalio J, Townsend William
School of Medicine of University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus.
P R Health Sci J. 2005 Dec;24(4):287-90.
To report on the major causes of eye diseases leading to visual impairment and blindness in a sub-urban population in Puerto Rico.
A population-based study of eye diseases in Puerto Ricans living in the San Juan metropolitan area of Puerto Rico.
Nine thousand two hundred ninety-eight patients aged from 40 to 79 years-of-age from the San Juan metropolitan area.
A chart review of 9,298 patients was done. Patients carrying diagnosis such as cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), and diabetic retinopathy were evaluated. Descriptive statistics and chi square analysis were used to evaluate findings.
2,056 patients out of 9,298 had cataracts (22.1%); 3,963 patients (42.6%) had glaucoma; 199 patients had ARMD (2.1%); and 700 patients (7.5%) had diabetic retinopathy. The prevalence of cataracts was higher in the population study than in the Hispanic population of the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study (LALES) (p<0.001). The prevalence of glaucoma was higher in our patients than in Hispanic population studied by the LALES (p<0.0001). The prevalence of ARMD and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was lower than expected when compared to Hispanic population of LALES study (p<0.0001 in both instances).
In this population-based study, the prevalence of cataracts and glaucoma was higher than the results found in the Hispanic populations reported in the LALES. However, in our study, we found a lower prevalence of ARMD and diabetic retinopathy. Various factors may lead to this significant difference in the prevalence of eye diseases between the PR population and Hispanic population in the continental USA. Further studies are needed to evaluate the prevalence of eye diseases in Puerto Rico.
报告导致波多黎各一个郊区人口视力损害和失明的眼部疾病的主要病因。
一项针对居住在波多黎各圣胡安都会区的波多黎各人眼部疾病的基于人群的研究。
来自圣胡安都会区的9298名年龄在40至79岁之间的患者。
对9298名患者进行病历审查。对患有白内障、青光眼、年龄相关性黄斑变性（ARMD）和糖尿病视网膜病变等诊断的患者进行评估。使用描述性统计和卡方分析来评估结果。
9298名患者中有2056名患有白内障（22.1%）；3963名患者（42.6%）患有青光眼；199名患者患有ARMD（2.1%）；700名患者（7.5%）患有糖尿病视网膜病变。人群研究中白内障的患病率高于洛杉矶拉丁裔眼研究（LALES）中的西班牙裔人群（p<0.001）。我们患者中青光眼的患病率高于LALES研究的西班牙裔人群（p<0.0001）。与LALES研究的西班牙裔人群相比，ARMD的患病率和糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率低于预期（两种情况均为p<0.0001）。
在这项基于人群的研究中，白内障和青光眼的患病率高于LALES报告的西班牙裔人群中的结果。然而，在我们的研究中，我们发现ARMD和糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率较低。各种因素可能导致波多黎各人群与美国大陆西班牙裔人群眼部疾病患病率的这种显著差异。需要进一步研究来评估波多黎各眼部疾病的患病率。
