消极生活事件、社会支持与抑郁症中的性别差异：一项基于奥丁研究数据的跨国社区调查
Negative life events, social support and gender difference in depression: a multinational community survey with data from the ODIN study.
作者信息
Dalgard Odd Steffen, Dowrick Christopher, Lehtinen Ville, Vazquez-Barquero Jose Luis, Casey Patricia, Wilkinson Greg, Ayuso-Mateos Jose Luis, Page Helen, Dunn Graham
机构信息
Norwegian Institute of Public health, P.B. 4404, Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway.
出版信息
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2006 Jun;41(6):444-51. doi: 10.1007/s00127-006-0051-5. Epub 2006 Mar 29.
OBJECTIVE
To explore if differences in negative life events, vulnerability and social support may explain the gender difference in depression.
METHODS
Cross-sectional, multinational, community survey from five European countries (n = 8,787). Depression is measured by Beck Depression Inventory, whereas negative life events and social support are measured by various questionnaires.
RESULTS
Women report slightly more negative life events than men do, mainly related to the social network, but more social support in general and in connection with reported life events. This trend is the same in all participating countries except Spain, where there is no gender difference in the reported support. In general, women are not more vulnerable to negative life events than men are. However, women with no social support, who are exposed to life events, are more vulnerable than men without support.
CONCLUSION
The higher rate of depression in women is not explained by gender differences in negative life events, social support or vulnerability.
目的
探讨负面生活事件、易感性和社会支持方面的差异是否可以解释抑郁症的性别差异。
方法
对来自五个欧洲国家的8787人进行的横断面、跨国社区调查。使用贝克抑郁量表测量抑郁状况，而负面生活事件和社会支持则通过各种问卷进行测量。
结果
女性报告的负面生活事件略多于男性，主要与社交网络有关，但总体上以及与所报告生活事件相关的社会支持更多。除西班牙外，所有参与国家均呈现这一趋势，在西班牙，所报告的社会支持方面不存在性别差异。总体而言，女性并不比男性更容易受到负面生活事件的影响。然而，没有社会支持且遭遇生活事件的女性比没有支持的男性更脆弱。
结论
女性抑郁症发病率较高并非由负面生活事件、社会支持或易感性方面的性别差异所导致。
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