Arenzana F J, Carvan M J, Aijón J, Sánchez-González R, Arévalo R, Porteros A
Dpto. de Biología Celular y Patología, Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León, Universidad de Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2006 May-Jun;28(3):342-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2006.02.001. Epub 2006 Mar 6.
Ethanol intake during pregnancy can produce a wide range of adverse effects on nervous system development including fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). The most severe congenital malformation observed in newborns with FAS is cyclopia. In this study, we have exposed zebrafish embryos to different ethanol concentrations (2.4%, 1.5% or 1.0%) during eye morphogenesis in four zebrafish strains (AB, EK, GL and TL). In addition, we have studied the survival rate of the cyclopic animals to the end of larval development. The zebrafish strains GL and AB generated the higher percentage of cyclopic animals after exposure to 2.4% ethanol, while EK showed the higher percent cyclopic animals using 1.5% and 1.0% ethanol. The EK strain showed the higher percent survival during the larval period at all ethanol concentrations (2.4%, 1.5% and 1.0%). Moreover, we have investigated cytoarchitectural alterations in the main components of the visual pathway-retina and optic tectum-and ethanol treatment affects both the retina and the optic tectum. The lamination of neural retina is clearly delayed in treated larvae 3 days postfertilization and the thickness of the pigmented epithelium is considerably reduced. With regard to the optic tectum, treatment with ethanol alters the normal pattern of tectal lamination. The use of zebrafish EK strain is a suitable in vivo vertebrate model system for analyzing the teratogenic effect of ethanol during vertebrate visual system morphogenesis as it relates to both cyclopia and FAS.
孕期摄入乙醇会对神经系统发育产生广泛的不良影响，包括胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）。患有FAS的新生儿中观察到的最严重先天性畸形是独眼畸形。在本研究中，我们在四种斑马鱼品系（AB、EK、GL和TL）的眼睛形态发生过程中，将斑马鱼胚胎暴露于不同乙醇浓度（2.4%、1.5%或1.0%）下。此外，我们研究了独眼动物到幼体发育末期的存活率。暴露于2.4%乙醇后，斑马鱼品系GL和AB产生的独眼动物百分比更高，而使用1.5%和1.0%乙醇时，EK品系显示出更高的独眼动物百分比。在所有乙醇浓度（2.4%、1.5%和1.0%）下，EK品系在幼体期显示出更高的存活率。此外，我们研究了视觉通路主要组成部分——视网膜和视顶盖——的细胞结构改变，乙醇处理会影响视网膜和视顶盖。受精后3天，处理过的幼体神经视网膜的分层明显延迟，色素上皮的厚度显著减小。关于视顶盖，乙醇处理会改变顶盖分层的正常模式。斑马鱼EK品系是一种合适的体内脊椎动物模型系统，用于分析乙醇在脊椎动物视觉系统形态发生过程中与独眼畸形和FAS相关的致畸作用。
