Sørensen Holger J, Mortensen Erik L, Reinisch June M, Mednick Sarnoff A
Department of Health Psychology, Copenhagen University, Blegdamsvej 3, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Apr;163(4):704-9. doi: 10.1176/ajp.2006.163.4.704.
This study attempted to determine whether lack of breast-feeding or a short duration of breast-feeding during infancy is associated with an elevated risk of hospitalization with alcohol-related diagnoses in adult life.
The study was a prospective longitudinal birth cohort design conducted in a sample of 6,562 men and women, all of whom were born in Copenhagen, Denmark, between October 1959 and December 1961. The sample was divided into two categories based on duration of breast-feeding, as assessed by a physician interview with mothers at a 1-year examination. Psychiatric hospitalizations with alcohol-related diagnoses according to ICD-8 or ICD-10 were identified in the Danish Psychiatric Central Register in 1999. Nine potential confounders were included as covariates: gender of the cohort member, maternal age, parental social status, maternal prenatal smoking, unwanted pregnancy, maternal and paternal psychiatric hospitalization with alcohol-related diagnosis, and maternal and paternal psychiatric hospitalization with other diagnosis.
Alcohol-related diagnoses were more frequent in men, but the results were comparable for men and women. The adjusted predictive effect of early weaning was 1.47. Elevated relative risks were also associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy (1.52) and unwanted pregnancy status (1.59). Other independent predictors were male gender, maternal psychiatric hospitalization with alcohol-related diagnosis, and low parental social status.
Independent of a number of other risk factors for alcoholism, a significant association between early weaning and elevated risk of hospitalization with alcohol-related diagnoses was observed.
本研究旨在确定婴儿期缺乏母乳喂养或母乳喂养时间短是否与成年后因酒精相关诊断而住院的风险升高有关。
该研究采用前瞻性纵向出生队列设计，样本为6562名男性和女性，他们均于1959年10月至1961年12月在丹麦哥本哈根出生。根据母乳喂养时间将样本分为两类，母乳喂养时间通过医生在1岁检查时对母亲的访谈进行评估。1999年在丹麦精神病学中央登记处确定了根据国际疾病分类第8版（ICD - 8）或第10版（ICD - 10）诊断的与酒精相关的精神病住院病例。九个潜在的混杂因素作为协变量纳入：队列成员的性别、母亲年龄、父母社会地位、母亲产前吸烟、意外怀孕、母亲和父亲因酒精相关诊断的精神病住院情况以及母亲和父亲因其他诊断的精神病住院情况。
与酒精相关的诊断在男性中更为常见，但男性和女性的结果具有可比性。早期断奶的调整后预测效应为1.47。相对风险升高还与母亲孕期吸烟（1.52）和意外怀孕状态（1.59）有关。其他独立预测因素包括男性性别、母亲因酒精相关诊断的精神病住院情况以及父母社会地位低。
独立于许多其他酗酒风险因素，观察到早期断奶与因酒精相关诊断而住院的风险升高之间存在显著关联。
