Laboratoire de Génétique des Populations, Tour 42 2, place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(16):5418-22. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.16.5418.
Genetic and molecular investigations were carried out with Eurasian Drosophila melanogaster populations on the P-M system of hybrid dysgenesis. In 27 strains sampled from France to Middle Asia, a clear gradient exists between Western Europe, in which most modern strains are of the Q type, and eastern areas, in which M-cytotype strains predominate. Molecular analysis on individual flies was performed with two complementary probes of the cloned 2.9-kilobase P element. The results provide evidence for a gradually decreasing frequency of P elements from west to east, but the presence of P-homologous sequences has been ascertained in all of the wild M-cytotype populations analyzed. Moreover, some active P elements with GD sterility potential were revealed in the majority of M-cytotype populations when tested with a highly sensitive reference line. The gradual change in distribution of the polymorphic P family in Eurasia is discussed in relation to the structure of the elements together with the theories of P-M evolution and is interpreted as the present invasion of Eurasian populations by these elements.
对欧亚黑腹果蝇种群的 P-M 杂种不育系统进行了遗传和分子研究。在从法国到中亚的 27 个种群中，存在一个明显的梯度，在西欧，大多数现代种群是 Q 型的，而在东部地区，M 细胞型的种群占优势。用克隆的 2.9 千碱基对 P 元件的两个互补探针对个体蝇进行了分子分析。结果表明，P 元件的频率从西向东逐渐降低，但在分析的所有野生 M 细胞型种群中都存在 P 同源序列。此外，当用高度敏感的参考系测试时，在大多数 M 细胞型种群中发现了一些具有 GD 不育潜力的活跃 P 元件。与 P-M 进化的理论一起，讨论了欧亚大陆多态 P 家族分布的逐渐变化，并将其解释为这些元素对欧亚大陆种群的当前入侵。
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