语言习得中的色彩、参照与专业知识。

Color, reference, and expertise in language acquisition.

作者信息

Clark Eve V

机构信息

Department of Linguistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

出版信息

J Exp Child Psychol. 2006 Aug;94(4):339-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2006.03.002. Epub 2006 Apr 4.

DOI:10.1016/j.jecp.2006.03.002

PMID:16600283

Abstract

In learning the meaning of a new term, children need to fix its reference, learn its conventional meaning, and discover the meanings with which it contrasts. To do this, children must attend to adult speakers--the experts--and to their patterns of use. In the domain of color, children need to identify color terms as such, fix the reference of each one, and learn how each is used in the language. But color is a property, and terms for properties appear to be more difficult to grasp than do those for objects, actions, and relations. Although children find some domains easier to learn than others, they depend in each case on the expertise of adult speakers.

摘要

在学习一个新术语的含义时，儿童需要确定其指代对象，学习其约定俗成的意义，并发现与之形成对比的意义。为此，儿童必须留意成年说话者——专家们——以及他们的使用模式。在颜色领域，儿童需要识别颜色术语本身，确定每个术语的指代对象，并学习每个术语在语言中的用法。但是颜色是一种属性，属性术语似乎比物体、动作和关系的术语更难掌握。尽管儿童发现有些领域比其他领域更容易学习，但在每种情况下，他们都依赖于成年说话者的专业知识。