Choudhry Vidita, Zhang Mei-Yun, Dimitrova Dimana, Prabakaran Ponraj, Dimitrov Antony S, Fouts Timothy R, Dimitrov Dimiter S
NCI-Frederick, Protein Interactions Group, CCRNP, CCR, NIH, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA.
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2006 May;6(5):523-31. doi: 10.1517/14712598.6.5.523.
The demand for new treatment options against HIV is becoming increasingly desperate as the side effects and the expansion and spread of drug-resistant virus within the infected population limit the clinical benefits provided by available anti-HIV drugs. Preparations of polyclonal antibodies have a long history of proven clinical utility against some viruses; however, they have enjoyed very limited success against HIV. Recent clinical trials and in vitro experiments suggest that monoclonal antibodies against HIV may have promise clinically. These antibodies and antibody-based reagents target either the viral envelope glycoprotein, the receptor (CD4) or coreceptor (CCR5) molecules, or transition-state structures that appear during viral entry. The challenge is whether an antibody-based therapy can be identified (with or without their small molecule brethren) that presents long-term clinical efficacy, low toxicity and minimal risk of clinical failure from viral resistance.
由于现有抗HIV药物的副作用以及耐药病毒在感染人群中的扩散，对新型HIV治疗方案的需求变得愈发迫切，这些药物所带来的临床益处受到了限制。多克隆抗体制剂在对抗某些病毒方面有着长期经证实的临床效用历史；然而，它们在对抗HIV方面取得的成功非常有限。近期的临床试验和体外实验表明，抗HIV单克隆抗体可能具有临床应用前景。这些抗体及基于抗体的试剂靶向病毒包膜糖蛋白、受体（CD4）或共受体（CCR5）分子，或病毒进入过程中出现的过渡态结构。挑战在于能否确定一种基于抗体的疗法（无论有无小分子同类物），该疗法具有长期临床疗效、低毒性且因病毒耐药导致临床治疗失败的风险最小。
