Kousta Eleni, Tolis George, Franks Stephen
Ippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece, and Institute of Reprodcutive & Developmental Biology Imperial College London, UK.
Hormones (Athens). 2005 Jul-Sep;4(3):133-47. doi: 10.14310/horm.2002.11151.
The diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have recently been revised. The polycystic ovarian morphology has been introduced as part of the criteria and an international consensus has been achieved providing the basis for future research and collaboration. It is now accepted that polycystic ovary syndrome has important long-term health implications, including metabolic disorders and increased risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The overall risk of developing type 2 diabetes among women with PCOS was found to be increased 3-7 times. Women with PCOS have increased levels of cardiovascular risk factors: insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and markers of abnormal vascular function. However, the level of risk for cardiovascular disease remains uncertain. The limited epidemiological data available to date have shown no increase in cardiovascular events although the incidence of cerebrovascular events was increased. The evidence for an increased risk for endometrial carcinoma among women with PCOS is limited. Long-term epidemiological studies of women with well defined PCOS are needed in order to assess the risk of long-term health consequences, to identify the subgroups among PCOS women who need to be targeted and to determine the timing and nature of measures for intervention and prevention.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）的诊断标准最近已被修订。多囊卵巢形态已被纳入诊断标准的一部分，并且达成了国际共识，为未来的研究与合作奠定了基础。目前人们公认，多囊卵巢综合征具有重要的长期健康影响，包括代谢紊乱以及心血管疾病风险因素增加。患有PCOS的女性患2型糖尿病的总体风险被发现增加了3至7倍。患有PCOS的女性心血管疾病风险因素水平升高：胰岛素抵抗、肥胖、血脂异常、高血压以及血管功能异常标志物。然而，心血管疾病的风险水平仍不确定。尽管脑血管事件的发生率有所增加，但迄今可用的有限流行病学数据并未显示心血管事件增加。PCOS女性患子宫内膜癌风险增加的证据有限。需要对确诊为PCOS的女性进行长期流行病学研究，以评估长期健康后果的风险，确定PCOS女性中需要重点关注的亚组，并确定干预和预防措施的时机及性质。
