Beitsch Leslie M, Grigg Meade, Menachemi Nir, Brooks Robert G
Center for Medicine and Public Health, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
J Public Health Manag Pract. 2006 May-Jun;12(3):232-41. doi: 10.1097/00124784-200605000-00003.
In this study we assessed the structure and function of local and district health agencies throughout the United States. We compared these findings with those from a previous national assessment done a decade earlier.
We surveyed the state health officers of all 50 states in the summer of 2001 in regard to the structures and functions of their state's local and district health agencies.
Forty-seven states completed the survey for a 94 percent response rate. Forty-three percent have a regional or district structure in place. According to more than 80 percent of the respondents, local health departments serve all areas of their state. Local boards of health provide guidance and oversight in two thirds of the states. Most local health departments continue to perform a variety of traditional public health functions, as well as a variety of newly emerging responsibilities. Many local functions varied by geographic regions, population size, and organizational type.
The study identified structural and functional changes in the local and district health agencies of state public health systems over the last decade. The stage is set for future work on the relationship between public health structure and function, and performance in the 21st century.
在本研究中，我们评估了美国各地地方和地区卫生机构的结构与功能。我们将这些结果与十年前进行的一次全国性评估结果进行了比较。
2001年夏天，我们就各州地方和地区卫生机构的结构与功能对所有50个州的州卫生官员进行了调查。
47个州完成了调查，回复率为94%。43%的州设有区域或地区结构。超过80%的受访者表示，地方卫生部门为其所在州的所有地区提供服务。三分之二的州地方卫生委员会提供指导和监督。大多数地方卫生部门继续履行各种传统公共卫生职能以及各种新出现的职责。许多地方职能因地理区域、人口规模和组织类型而异。
该研究确定了过去十年中州公共卫生系统地方和地区卫生机构的结构和功能变化。为未来关于21世纪公共卫生结构与功能之间的关系以及绩效的研究奠定了基础。
