Mumma J Odihambo, Thaxton J P, Vizzier-Thaxton Y, Dodson W L
Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762, USA.
Poult Sci. 2006 Apr;85(4):761-9. doi: 10.1093/ps/85.4.761.
Stress responses in laying hens were mediated by continuous infusion of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) via osmotic pumps. The ACTH was dissolved in saline solution (0.85%), and each pump delivered 8 IU of ACTH per kilogram of BW per day at the rate of 1 microL/h for 7 d. Control hens received pumps loaded with saline. Measurements were made at 6 d postpump implantation, unless otherwise indicated. The ACTH-treatment increased BW and total carcass, rear half of carcass, intestinal, and liver weights. Proximate analyses of liver showed increases in dry weight, moisture, protein, fat, carbohydrate, and ash content. Weights of the front half of the carcass, as well as weights of the abdominal fat pad, heart, head, feet, and skin were unaffected by ACTH-treatment. Plasma corticosterone, glucose, cholesterol, and high-density lipoproteins were increased by ACTH, whereas triglycerides were decreased. Feed and water intake, total excreta, and excretory DM were all increased in ACTH-treated hens. The ACTH decreased carbohydrate in excreta, whereas ash, protein, fiber, and gross energy of excreta were unaffected. The ACTH did not affect digestibility of dry matter, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, or gross energy; however, absorption of ash, protein, carbohydrates, and gross energy were increased by ACTH. Antibody levels to sheep red blood cells, cell-mediated immunity (wattle index to phytohemagglutinin-phosphate), and relative spleen weight were reduced by ACTH, whereas heterophil:lymphocyte ratio was increased. Reproduction in hens was negatively affected by ACTH treatment, as measured by cessation of laying on the third day of treatment, atretic follicles, and decreased oviduct weight.
通过渗透泵持续输注促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）来介导蛋鸡的应激反应。将ACTH溶解在盐溶液（0.85%）中，每个泵以1微升/小时的速率每天每千克体重输送8国际单位的ACTH，持续7天。对照母鸡接受装有盐水的泵。除非另有说明，在泵植入后6天进行测量。ACTH处理增加了体重、胴体总重、胴体后半部分、肠道和肝脏重量。肝脏的近似分析显示干重、水分、蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物和灰分含量增加。胴体前半部分的重量以及腹部脂肪垫、心脏、头部、脚部和皮肤的重量不受ACTH处理的影响。ACTH使血浆皮质酮、葡萄糖、胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白增加，而甘油三酯减少。ACTH处理的母鸡的采食量、饮水量、总排泄物和排泄干物质均增加。ACTH降低了排泄物中的碳水化合物，而排泄物的灰分、蛋白质、纤维和总能不受影响。ACTH不影响干物质、蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪或总能的消化率；然而，ACTH增加了灰分、蛋白质、碳水化合物和总能的吸收。ACTH降低了对绵羊红细胞的抗体水平、细胞介导的免疫（对磷酸植物血凝素的肉垂指数）和相对脾脏重量，而异嗜性粒细胞：淋巴细胞比率增加。通过处理第三天产蛋停止、闭锁卵泡和输卵管重量降低来衡量，母鸡的繁殖受到ACTH处理的负面影响。
