Krigolson Olave, Van Gyn Geraldine, Tremblay Luc, Heath Matthew
School of Physical Education,University of Victoria, British Columbia.
Can J Exp Psychol. 2006 Mar;60(1):24-32. doi: 10.1037/cjep2006004.
The specificity of practice hypothesis predicts the development of a sensorimotor representation specific to the afferent feedback available during skill acquisition (Proteau, 1992; Proteau, Marteniuk, Girouard, & Dugas, 1987). In the present investigation, we used the specificity of practice hypothesis to test whether skill acquisition through visual imagery would lead to the development of a sensory-specific movement representation similar to one resulting from actual practice. To accomplish this objective, participants practiced walking a 12-m linear path in one of three practice conditions, full-vision (FV), no-vision (NV), or visual imagery (VI), for either 10 or 100 trials. Knowledge of spatial and/or temporal results (KR) was provided to participants following each trial during this phase. Following acquisition, participants completed 10 NV trials without KR. An analysis of root-mean-squared-error (RMSE) indicated NV participants were more accurate than both FV and VI participants in the transfer condition. We believe the equivalence in transfer RMSE between FV and VI suggests that there are similarities between the movement representations attained by FV and VI practice.
练习特异性假说预测，在技能习得过程中，特定的感觉运动表征会随着可获得的传入反馈而发展（普罗托，1992年；普罗托、马滕纽克、吉鲁阿尔和杜加斯，1987年）。在本研究中，我们运用练习特异性假说，来检验通过视觉表象进行技能习得是否会导致形成一种与实际练习所产生的感觉运动表征相似的特定感觉运动表征。为实现这一目标，参与者在三种练习条件之一，即全视觉（FV）、无视觉（NV）或视觉表象（VI）下，练习沿着一条12米长的直线行走10次或100次。在此阶段，每次试验后都会向参与者提供空间和/或时间结果（KR）的信息。习得阶段结束后，参与者在无KR的情况下完成10次NV试验。均方根误差（RMSE）分析表明，在转移条件下，NV组参与者比FV组和VI组参与者更准确。我们认为，FV组和VI组在转移RMSE上的等效性表明，FV练习和VI练习所获得的运动表征之间存在相似性。
