Conformity in a generative linguistic task: the role of category and strategic nonword use.

Marsh, Ward, and Landau (1999) demonstrated that participants asked to create novel words use elements of sample nonwords they are given, even when instructed to avoid use of the examples. In four studies, we replicated the effect of conformity to sample nonwords and found the effect was not influenced by the semantic category of the words unless those words shared orthographic characteristics. We found that although we could increase conformity to examples when word exemplars were grouped by category, it was likely that much of this increase was strategically driven. We propose that the presence of the sample non-words, presented in groups with the same word rules, created an orthographic category used by participants in the word creation task.