Rutter Michael J
Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, USA.
Semin Pediatr Surg. 2006 May;15(2):116-23. doi: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2006.02.009.
Upper airway disorders in children may be divided into those that are congenital in origin and those that are acquired. The presentation and management of these disorders is significantly influenced both by the anatomic location of the pathology, which is usually obstructive in nature, and by the severity of the obstruction. This discussion provides an overview of the presentation, diagnosis, management, and potential complications of the most commonly seen upper airway disorders. These disorders are presented within an anatomic framework, progressing from proximal at the nares to distal at the carina.
儿童上气道疾病可分为先天性和后天性两类。这些疾病的表现和治疗受到病变解剖位置（通常具有阻塞性）以及阻塞严重程度的显著影响。本讨论概述了最常见的上气道疾病的表现、诊断、治疗及潜在并发症。这些疾病按照从鼻孔近端到隆突远端的解剖框架进行阐述。
