Hadany Lilach, Beker Tuvik, Eshel Ilan, Feldman Marcus W
Stanford University, Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Proc Biol Sci. 2006 Apr 7;273(1588):881-5. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2005.3384.
The reaction of the body to prolonged stress has many harmful effects. Classical theory assumes that stress responses have evolved due to their short-term selective advantages ('flight or fight'), and despite their adverse long-term effects. In contrast, we demonstrate that the adverse effects of stress responses may have a selective advantage. Using an analytical model we show that a gene that causes the early death of a relatively unfit individual can increase in frequency in a structured population even if it has no positive effect on that individual. This result offers a new perspective on the relations between stress factors, stress responses and stress-related diseases.
身体对长期压力的反应有许多有害影响。经典理论认为，压力反应因其短期的选择性优势（“战斗或逃跑”）而进化，尽管存在不利的长期影响。相比之下，我们证明压力反应的不利影响可能具有选择性优势。使用一个分析模型，我们表明，即使一个导致相对不适应个体过早死亡的基因对该个体没有积极影响，它也能在结构化种群中增加频率。这一结果为压力因素、压力反应和压力相关疾病之间的关系提供了一个新的视角。
