条件依赖型性别：谁会这样做，何时以及为何？
Condition-dependent sex: who does it, when and why?
作者信息
Ram Yoav, Hadany Lilach
机构信息
Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Department of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
出版信息
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2016 Oct 19;371(1706). doi: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0539.
We review the phenomenon of condition-dependent sex-where individuals' condition affects the likelihood that they will reproduce sexually rather than asexually. In recent years, condition-dependent sex has been studied both theoretically and empirically. Empirical results in microbes, fungi and plants support the theoretical prediction that negative condition-dependent sex, in which individuals in poor condition are more likely to reproduce sexually, can be evolutionarily advantageous under a wide range of settings. Here, we review the evidence for condition-dependent sex and its potential implications for the long-term survival and adaptability of populations. We conclude by asking why condition-dependent sex is not more commonly observed, and by considering generalizations of condition-dependent sex that might apply even for obligate sexuals.This article is part of the themed issue 'Weird sex: the underappreciated diversity of sexual reproduction'.
我们回顾了条件依赖性性别现象——即个体的条件会影响其进行有性繁殖而非无性繁殖的可能性。近年来，人们从理论和实证两方面对条件依赖性性别进行了研究。微生物、真菌和植物的实证结果支持了理论预测，即在广泛的环境下，负向条件依赖性性别（即条件较差的个体更有可能进行有性繁殖）在进化上可能具有优势。在此，我们回顾了条件依赖性性别的证据及其对种群长期生存和适应性的潜在影响。我们通过探讨为什么条件依赖性性别没有更普遍地被观察到，并考虑可能适用于专性有性生殖者的条件依赖性性别的一般化情况来得出结论。本文是主题为“怪异的性行为：未被充分认识的有性生殖多样性”特刊的一部分。
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