VanSaun Michael N, Matrisian Lynn M
Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6840, USA.
Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2006 Mar;78(1):69-79. doi: 10.1002/bdrc.20061.
The movement of cells and the accompanied remodeling of the extracellular matrix is a critical step in many developmental processes. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are well recognized as mediators of matrix degradation, and their activity as regulators of signaling pathways by virtue of the cleavage of nonmatrix substrates has been increasingly appreciated. In this review, we focus on the role of MMPs in altering processes that influence cellular motility. MMP involvement in cellular adhesion, lamellipodia-directed movement, invadopodial protrusion, axonal growth cone extension, and chemotaxis are discussed. Although not designed to be comprehensive, these examples clearly demonstrate that cellular regulation of the MMPs influences cell motility in a variety of ways, including regulating cell-cell interactions, cell-matrix interactions, matrix degradation, and the release of bioactive signaling molecules. Deregulation of these interactions can ultimately result in disorders including inflammatory diseases, vascular diseases, bone diseases, neurological disorders, and cancer.
细胞的运动以及伴随的细胞外基质重塑是许多发育过程中的关键步骤。基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）作为基质降解的介质已广为人知，并且由于其对非基质底物的切割作用，其作为信号通路调节剂的活性也越来越受到重视。在本综述中，我们重点关注MMPs在改变影响细胞运动的过程中的作用。讨论了MMPs参与细胞黏附、片足定向运动、侵袭伪足突出、轴突生长锥延伸和趋化作用。尽管本综述并非旨在全面涵盖，但这些例子清楚地表明，细胞对MMPs的调节以多种方式影响细胞运动，包括调节细胞-细胞相互作用、细胞-基质相互作用、基质降解以及生物活性信号分子的释放。这些相互作用的失调最终可能导致包括炎症性疾病、血管疾病、骨疾病、神经疾病和癌症在内的疾病。
