Kim Eugene, Hopke Philip K
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Box 5708, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2006 Sep 15;368(2-3):781-94. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.02.048. Epub 2006 Apr 19.
A source apportionment study to characterize sources of fine particles in the Great Smoky Mountains area was conducted analyzing ambient PM(2.5) (particulate matter< or =2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter) speciation data collected at a Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) monitoring site. A total of 1442 samples collected between March 1988 and December 2003 analyzed for 30 elemental species were analyzed with the application of the positive matrix factorization (PMF). Eight major sources were extracted: summer-high secondary sulfate (55%), carbon-rich secondary sulfate (16%), summer-low secondary sulfate (2%), gasoline vehicle emissions (13%), diesel emissions (1%), airborne soil (6%), industry (5%), and secondary nitrate (2%). The contributions from the carbon-rich secondary sulfate particles are likely a combination of local and regional influences of the biogenic as well as anthropogenic secondary particles. The compositional profiles for gasoline vehicle and diesel emissions are similar to those identified in other US areas. Backward trajectories indicate that the high impacts of airborne soil were likely caused by Asian and Saharan dust storms. This study would assist in the implementation plan development for attaining the air quality standards for PM(2.5), regional haze rule planning, and source-specific community epidemiology.
开展了一项源解析研究，以确定大烟山地区细颗粒物的来源，该研究分析了在一个受保护视觉环境跨部门监测（IMPROVE）站点收集的环境空气中PM2.5（空气动力学直径小于或等于2.5微米的颗粒物）的成分数据。运用正定矩阵因子分解法（PMF）对1988年3月至2003年12月期间收集的共1442个样本进行了分析，这些样本分析了30种元素。提取出八个主要来源：夏季高值二次硫酸盐（55%）、富碳二次硫酸盐（16%）、夏季低值二次硫酸盐（2%）、汽油车排放物（13%）、柴油排放物（1%）、扬尘（6%）、工业排放（5%）和二次硝酸盐（2%）。富碳二次硫酸盐颗粒的贡献可能是生物源以及人为二次颗粒的局部和区域影响的综合结果。汽油车和柴油排放的成分特征与美国其他地区确定的特征相似。后向轨迹表明，扬尘的高影响可能是由亚洲和撒哈拉沙尘暴造成的。这项研究将有助于制定实现PM2.5空气质量标准的实施计划、区域霾规则规划以及特定源的社区流行病学研究。
