Melchior M B, Vaarkamp H, Fink-Gremmels J
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, P.O. Box 80152, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Vet J. 2006 May;171(3):398-407. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2005.01.006.
Mastitis remains one the most important diseases in dairy cattle despite the progress made in improving general udder health in recent years. Epidemiological studies have revealed that following treatment with antimicrobials, bacteriological cure rates vary between 0% and 80% but with no evidence of a significant loss of activity of the major classes of antibiotics licensed for the treatment of bovine mastitis. Recurrent infections are often attributable to biofilm growth of bacteria and this review provides an overview of those mechanisms related to bacterial biofilm growth in mastitis. Biofilm formation is accompanied by significant genetic and subsequent physiological changes in the microorganisms resulting, inter alia, in a loss of sensitivity to virtually all classes of antibiotics.
尽管近年来在改善奶牛乳房总体健康方面取得了进展，但乳腺炎仍然是奶牛最重要的疾病之一。流行病学研究表明，使用抗菌药物治疗后，细菌学治愈率在0%至80%之间，但没有证据表明用于治疗牛乳腺炎的主要类别的抗生素活性有显著损失。复发性感染通常归因于细菌生物膜的生长，本文综述了乳腺炎中与细菌生物膜生长相关的机制。生物膜的形成伴随着微生物显著的基因变化以及随后的生理变化，尤其导致对几乎所有类别的抗生素敏感性丧失。
