Yosry Ayman
Tropical Medicine Department and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Liver Unit, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Contrib Microbiol. 2006;13:81-100. doi: 10.1159/000092967.
Schistosomiasis is endemic in at least 75 tropical and subtropical countries where 600 million people are at risk of which over 200 million are infected. Three species, S. hematobium, S. mansoni and S. japonicum, account for the majority of human infections. There is sufficient evidence that S. hematobium, the predominant etiologic agent for urinary schistosomiasis, is carcinogenic to humans leading to squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, a relatively uncommon vesical cancer in nonendemic areas. There is limited evidence suggesting that S. japonicum is possibly carcinogenic to humans leading to colorectal cancer and is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma formation. There is inadequate evidence for the carcinogenicity of S. mansoni in humans. S. mansoni may still be linked to hepatocellular carcinoma through potentiating the effects of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus on the liver. In this article, the relationship between schistosomiasis and neoplasia will be reviewed.
血吸虫病在至少75个热带和亚热带国家呈地方性流行，有6亿人面临感染风险，其中超过2亿人已被感染。三种血吸虫，即埃及血吸虫、曼氏血吸虫和日本血吸虫，导致了大多数人类感染。有充分证据表明，埃及血吸虫是泌尿生殖系统血吸虫病的主要病原体，对人类具有致癌性，可导致膀胱癌，这在非流行地区是一种相对罕见的膀胱癌。有有限证据表明，日本血吸虫可能对人类具有致癌性，可导致结直肠癌，并且是肝细胞癌形成的一个风险因素。关于曼氏血吸虫对人类致癌性的证据不足。曼氏血吸虫仍可能通过增强乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒对肝脏的影响而与肝细胞癌有关。在本文中，将对血吸虫病与肿瘤形成之间的关系进行综述。
