Bensoltane S, Khaldi F, Djebar H, Djebar M R
Laboratory of Cell Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences University of Badji Mokhtar, Annaba 23000, Algeria.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2005;70(4):1043-51.
The inopportune throws out of diverse substances in the atmosphere, constitutes without any doubt the obvious of environmental pollution by man. Among these substances, we are interested in the ammonium nitrate NH4NO3, nitrate fertilizers widely used in farming in our region - Annaba located in the eastern part of Algeria - and manufactured in the same region. In fact, the excessive fertilization, the intensive spreading of animal faeces and the industrial pollution are the accumulation sources of nitrate in vegetables, drilling and the underground waters. The goal of this study is to show the obviousness of a possible toxic effect of NH4NO3 on paramecium an inferior plants resed as biological models. The tests of toxicity were achieved on samples of the area of culture of parameciums. Four concentrations were chosen: 10, 20, 30 and 40 mM, and added before and after appearance of the parameciums in the area. The prepared solutions with the same concentrations of NH4NO3, were used for the dampening of the samples of mosses and lichens. The use of an original technique the polarography allowed us to measure the quantity of oxygen consumed by the organisms in presence of the polluent. The results show that: (i): The treatment by NH4NO3 stimulates the respiratory metabolism of paramecium, (ii): with mosses as well as the measure of the consumption of the oxygen shous the abviousness contrasted with a dampening of respiration but also of the photosynthesis. The perturbation of the respiration and photosynthesis of mousses and lichens can explain the degradation of the plant material and the disappearance of certain species from our ecosystem.
大气中各种物质的不当排放，无疑构成了人类对环境污染的显著表现。在这些物质中，我们关注硝酸铵NH₄NO₃，它是一种在我们所在地区（位于阿尔及利亚东部的安纳巴）农业中广泛使用且在同一地区生产的硝酸盐肥料。事实上，过度施肥、动物粪便的大量散布以及工业污染是蔬菜、钻孔和地下水中硝酸盐的积累来源。本研究的目的是表明硝酸铵对作为生物模型的低等植物草履虫可能产生的毒性作用的显著性。毒性测试是在草履虫培养区域的样本上进行的。选择了四个浓度：10、20、30和40 mM，并在草履虫出现在该区域之前和之后添加。用相同浓度的硝酸铵制备的溶液用于湿润苔藓和地衣样本。使用一种原创技术——极谱法，使我们能够测量在污染物存在的情况下生物体消耗的氧气量。结果表明：（i）：硝酸铵处理刺激了草履虫的呼吸代谢，（ii）：对于苔藓，氧气消耗的测量显示出与呼吸以及光合作用的抑制形成明显反差。苔藓和地衣呼吸与光合作用的扰动可以解释植物材料的降解以及我们生态系统中某些物种的消失。
