Bekkedal Marni, Sipsma Kristen, Stremski Ernest S, Malecki Kristen Chossek, Anderson Henry A
Wisconsin Division of Public Health, USA.
WMJ. 2006 Mar;105(2):36-40.
All accidental carbon monoxide poisoning should be preventable. Yet despite intervention efforts including promotion of inexpensive home carbon monoxide detectors, annual inspection of home gas and oil appliances, and general awareness campaigns, in 2002 there were 18 fatalities, 36 inpatient admissions, 351 emergency department visits and 117 poison center calls attributed to acute carbon monoxide exposure. The first step to help better focus public health interventions is adequate information on occurrences. The Wisconsin Environmental Public Health Tracking program identified and evaluated potential data sources for inclusion in a surveillance system for monitoring unintentional carbon monoxide poisonings. Criteria to evaluate the utility of the existing data systems were developed and included the number of new cases identified from that source, the circumstantial detail provided, timeliness of data availability, confidence that an actual exposure occurred, and the resources required to retrieve and summarize the data. Five candidate datasets were evaluated: emergency department visits, hospital inpatient stays, death certificates, Wisconsin Poison Center records, and newspaper reports. It was found that although there was some overlap between cases reported in the different datasets, each source provided unique cases. The sources also differed in the resources required for utilizing the data and the amount of circumstantial information provided. Based on the evaluation of the different sources, it was concluded that newspaper reports should not be included, but the other 4 data sources would each contribute substantially to establishing a comprehensive surveillance system for accidental carbon monoxide poisoning.
所有意外一氧化碳中毒本应是可预防的。然而，尽管采取了包括推广廉价家用一氧化碳探测器、每年对家用燃气和燃油器具进行检查以及开展公众意识宣传活动等干预措施，但在2002年，仍有18人因急性一氧化碳暴露死亡，36人住院，351人前往急诊科就诊，117人致电中毒控制中心。更好地聚焦公共卫生干预措施的第一步是获取有关中毒事件的充分信息。威斯康星州环境公共卫生追踪项目确定并评估了潜在的数据来源，以纳入一个监测非故意一氧化碳中毒的监测系统。制定了评估现有数据系统效用的标准，包括从该来源识别出的新病例数量、所提供的详细情况、数据可得的及时性、对实际暴露发生的可信度，以及检索和汇总数据所需的资源。对五个候选数据集进行了评估：急诊科就诊记录、医院住院病历、死亡证明、威斯康星州中毒控制中心记录以及报纸报道。结果发现，尽管不同数据集中报告的病例存在一些重叠，但每个来源都提供了独特的病例。这些来源在利用数据所需的资源以及所提供的详细情况信息量方面也有所不同。基于对不同来源的评估，得出的结论是不应纳入报纸报道，但其他4个数据来源各自将为建立一个全面的意外一氧化碳中毒监测系统做出重大贡献。
