Roberts Maxwell J
Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, England.
Behav Res Methods. 2005 Nov;37(4):560-80. doi: 10.3758/bf03192727.
Syllogistic reasoning, in which people identify conclusions from quantified premise pairs, remains a benchmark task whose patterns of data must be accounted for by general theories of deductive reasoning. However, psychologists have confined themselves to administering only the 64 premise pairs historically identified by Aristotle. By utilizing all combinations of negations, the present article identifies an expanded set of 576 premise pairs and gives the valid conclusions that they support. Many of these have interesting properties, and the identification of predictions and their verification will be an important next step for all proponents of such theories.
三段论推理，即人们从量化的前提对中识别结论，仍然是一项基准任务，其数据模式必须由演绎推理的一般理论来解释。然而，心理学家们一直局限于只采用亚里士多德历史上确定的64个前提对。通过使用否定的所有组合，本文确定了一个扩展的576个前提对的集合，并给出了它们所支持的有效结论。其中许多具有有趣的特性，对于这些理论的所有支持者来说，识别预测并对其进行验证将是重要的下一步。
