Jackson Erica M, Dishman Rod K
Department of Kinesiology, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-6554, USA.
Psychophysiology. 2006 Jan;43(1):57-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2006.00373.x.
We performed a meta-regression analysis of 73 studies that examined whether cardiorespiratory fitness mitigates cardiovascular responses during and after acute laboratory stress in humans. The cumulative evidence indicates that fitness is related to slightly greater reactivity, but better recovery. However, effects varied according to several study features and were smallest in the better controlled studies. Fitness did not mitigate integrated stress responses such as heart rate and blood pressure, which were the focus of most of the studies we reviewed. Nonetheless, potentially important areas, particularly hemodynamic and vascular responses, have been understudied. Women, racial/ethnic groups, and cardiovascular patients were underrepresented. Randomized controlled trials, including naturalistic studies of real-life responses, are needed to clarify whether a change in fitness alters putative stress mechanisms linked with cardiovascular health.
我们对73项研究进行了元回归分析，这些研究探讨了心肺适能是否能减轻人类在急性实验室应激期间及之后的心血管反应。累积证据表明，适能与稍高的反应性相关，但恢复情况更好。然而，效应因若干研究特征而异，在控制较好的研究中效应最小。适能并未减轻诸如心率和血压等综合应激反应，而这些是我们所综述的大多数研究的重点。尽管如此，潜在的重要领域，尤其是血液动力学和血管反应，尚未得到充分研究。女性、种族/族裔群体和心血管疾病患者的代表性不足。需要进行随机对照试验，包括对现实生活反应的自然主义研究，以阐明适能的变化是否会改变与心血管健康相关的假定应激机制。
