Bener A, Tewfik I
Department of Medical Statistics & Epidemiology, Hamad General Hospital and Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, State of Qatar.
Obes Rev. 2006 May;7(2):139-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2006.00209.x.
Dissatisfaction with body weight and the use of unhealthy weight reduction practices have been reported among adolescents. It is important to conduct rigorous studies using large representative samples of female adolescents to assess accurately the frequency of dieting, overweight and eating disorders and accompanying attitudes. The aim of the present study was to examine the severity of dieting and its association with obesity, body satisfaction and psychological problems in female adolescents. A representative sample of 800 girls aged 14-19 years were approached during the period of October to December 2004, and 566 girls gave consent and participated in the study, thus giving a response rate of 70.8%. Self-reports were obtained from 566 teenage girls using the Adolescent Dieting Scale and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) for psychopathology. Subjects were classified into three categories: acceptable weight (BMI < 25 kg m(-2)); overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg m(-2)); and obese (BMI > 30 kg m(-2)). The prevalence of overweight and obesity for female adolescents were 13.4% vs. 1.8%; 39.9% were intermediate dieters, and 8.3% were extreme dieters. Dieting was not associated with age but was significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.045). Extreme dieting was strongly associated with peer perception of respondent's figure (P < 0.001) and self-perception of figure (P = 0.016). Additionally, in adult Qatari population overweight and obesity for males were (34.4% vs. 34.6%) and for females were (33.0% vs. 45.3%). This is significantly higher than adolescent girls. (P < 0.01). The SRQ score was significantly highest in the extreme dieters group (P = 0.005). The extreme dieters get most of their education about dieting from school (14.0%) and TV (43.6%). The present study revealed strong evidence for the association between frequent dieting and overweight, body image dissatisfaction and psychological problems among adolescent females.
据报道，青少年中存在对体重的不满以及采用不健康的减肥方式的情况。使用具有广泛代表性的女性青少年大样本进行严谨研究，以准确评估节食、超重和饮食失调的频率以及相关态度，这一点很重要。本研究的目的是考察女性青少年节食的严重程度及其与肥胖、身体满意度和心理问题之间的关联。在2004年10月至12月期间，对800名年龄在14至19岁的女孩进行了抽样调查，其中566名女孩同意并参与了研究，回复率为70.8%。通过青少年节食量表和用于心理病理学的自填问卷（SRQ - 20）从566名少女那里获取了自我报告。受试者被分为三类：体重正常（体重指数BMI < 25 kg/m²）；超重（BMI 25 - 29.9 kg/m²）；肥胖（BMI > 30 kg/m²）。女性青少年超重和肥胖的患病率分别为13.4%和1.8%；39.9%为中度节食者，8.3%为极端节食者。节食与年龄无关，但与体重指数（BMI）显著相关（P = 0.045）。极端节食与同龄人对受访者身材的看法（P < 0.001）以及自我身材认知（P = 0.016）密切相关。此外，在卡塔尔成年人群中，男性超重和肥胖的比例分别为（34.4%和34.6%），女性为（33.0%和45.3%）。这显著高于青少年女孩（P < 0.01）。极端节食者组的SRQ得分显著最高（P = 0.005）。极端节食者获取节食知识的主要来源是学校（14.0%）和电视（43.6%）。本研究有力地证明了青少年女性频繁节食与超重、身体形象不满和心理问题之间存在关联。
