Sobotník Jan, Weyda Frantisek, Hanus Robert, Cvacka Josef, Nebesárová Jana
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Flemingovo nám. 2, Praha 6, CZ-166 10, Czech Republic.
Micron. 2006;37(7):648-56. doi: 10.1016/j.micron.2006.01.012. Epub 2006 Mar 9.
Ultrastructure of the fat body was studied in following castes and developmental stages of Prorhinotermes simplex: larvae of the first and the second instar, pseudergates, presoldiers, soldiers, nymphs, imagoes and mature ergatoid neotenic reproductives of both sexes. Fat body always consists of two principal cell types: adipocytes and urocytes. Adipocytes are characterized by a presence of large amounts of storage substances, namely lipid droplets, glycogen rosettes and proteins in the form of either biocrystals or vacuoles. Proportion of these components strongly varies during ontogeny. Adipocytes are equipped by a large central vacuole in which lipid droplets may resolve. Cytoplasm of urocytes contain glycogen rosettes and spherical or irregular concretions, other organelles are rare. Only adipocytes change their inner structure in the course of ontogeny: amount of glycogen decreases during the postembryonic development, it is the major kind of inclusion in the larvae but lacks in nymphs and imagoes; opposite trend is performed by lipids. The changes in protein content are less obvious but are explained and discussed. The total amount of triacylglycerols (TAGs) was found to be roughly 100microg in a pseudergate, 250microg in a nymph, and 30microg in a soldier. The most abundant fatty acids in TAGs are oleic (O), stearic (S), palmitic (P) and linoleic (L) acid. TAGs form a complex mixture with OOO, OPO, OLO and OOS being the most abundant isomers. Only negligible differences exist among the castes.
一龄和二龄幼虫、拟工蚁、前兵蚁、兵蚁、若虫、成虫以及两性成熟的无翅型幼态生殖蚁。脂肪体始终由两种主要细胞类型组成：脂肪细胞和尿细胞。脂肪细胞的特征是含有大量储存物质，即脂滴、糖原玫瑰花结以及呈生物晶体或液泡形式的蛋白质。这些成分的比例在个体发育过程中变化很大。脂肪细胞有一个大的中央液泡，脂滴可能会溶解在其中。尿细胞的细胞质含有糖原玫瑰花结和球形或不规则的凝结物，其他细胞器很少。只有脂肪细胞在个体发育过程中会改变其内部结构：糖原的量在胚胎后发育过程中减少，它是幼虫中的主要内含物，但在若虫和成虫中不存在；脂质则呈现相反的趋势。蛋白质含量的变化不太明显，但会进行解释和讨论。发现拟工蚁中三酰甘油（TAGs）的总量约为100微克，若虫中为250微克，兵蚁中为30微克。TAGs中最丰富的脂肪酸是油酸（O）、硬脂酸（S）、棕榈酸（P）和亚油酸（L）。TAGs形成一种复杂的混合物，其中OOO、OPO、OLO和OOS是最丰富的异构体。不同品级之间只有微不足道的差异。
