Grunau Ruth E, Holsti Liisa, Peters Jeroen W B
Centre for Community Child Health Research, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2006 Aug;11(4):268-75. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2006.02.007. Epub 2006 Apr 24.
The low tactile threshold in preterm infants when they are in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), while their physiological systems are unstable and immature, potentially renders them more vulnerable to the effects of repeated invasive procedures. There is a small but growing literature on pain and tactile responsivity following procedural pain in the NICU, or early surgery. Long-term effects of repeated pain in the neonatal period on neurodevelopment await further research. However, there are multiple sources of stress in the NICU, which contribute to inducing high overall 'allostatic load', therefore determining specific effects of neonatal pain in human infants is challenging.
早产儿在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）时触觉阈值较低，而此时他们的生理系统不稳定且不成熟，这可能使他们更容易受到反复侵入性操作的影响。关于NICU中的程序性疼痛或早期手术后的疼痛和触觉反应性，已有少量但不断增多的文献报道。新生儿期反复疼痛对神经发育的长期影响有待进一步研究。然而，NICU存在多种应激源，会导致较高的整体“应激负荷”，因此确定新生儿疼痛对人类婴儿的具体影响具有挑战性。
