Otis C L, Crespo M, Flygare C T, Johnston P R, Keber A, Lloyd-Kolkin D, Loehr J, Martin K, Pluim B M, Quinn A, Roetert P, Stroia K A, Terry P C
Br J Sports Med. 2006 May;40(5):464-8; discussion 468. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.023366.
Concerns have long existed over the participation of adolescent athletes in professional sports. In 2004, the Sony Ericsson WTA Tour (WTA Tour) commissioned a Professional Development Advisory Panel (PDAP) to evaluate the WTA Tour's age eligibility rule (AER) and professional development programmes (PDPs) for female tennis players since their inception in 1995. More than 75% of the 628 respondents supported the principles of the AER, and 90% indicated a need for PDPs. Statistical analysis of WTA Tour players' careers found that premature retirements (players leaving the Tour at or before age 21) decreased significantly from 7% before the AER to less than 1% afterward, and median career length increased by 43%. The PDAP recommends that the WTA Tour continues a phased-in, developmentally appropriate AER, enhances the PDPs, and works with other sport governing bodies to coordinate rules and programmes at earlier ages to aid the transition of adolescents into adult sports.
长期以来，人们一直关注青少年运动员参与职业体育的问题。2004年，索尼爱立信女子网球协会巡回赛（WTA巡回赛）委托一个职业发展咨询小组（PDAP）评估自1995年成立以来WTA巡回赛针对女子网球运动员的年龄资格规则（AER）和职业发展计划（PDP）。在628名受访者中，超过75%的人支持AER的原则，90%的人表示需要PDP。对WTA巡回赛球员职业生涯的统计分析发现，过早退役（21岁及之前离开巡回赛的球员）从AER实施前的7%显著下降到之后的不到1%，职业生涯中位数长度增加了43%。PDAP建议WTA巡回赛继续采用分阶段、适合发展阶段的AER，加强PDP，并与其他体育管理机构合作，在更早的年龄协调规则和计划，以帮助青少年向成人体育过渡。
