Saria Lana, Shimaoka Takayuki, Miyawaki Kentaro
Department of Urban and Environmental Systems, Civil Engineering, Kyushu University, Japan.
Waste Manag Res. 2006 Apr;24(2):134-40. doi: 10.1177/0734242X06063052.
Acid mine drainage is one of the most serious environmental problems that the coal and metal mining industry is currently facing. The generation of low pH drainage enhances the dissolution of heavy metals in water. The samples used in this research originated from three pits at mine dumps. In a study reported in this paper, three types of tests; namely static test, kinetic test and column test were conducted to estimate acid generation and acid neutralization reaction rates, and to predict the solubility of metals and their release rates. Static test showed that all samples had a pH of net acid generation (NAG pH) <4, a net acid producing potential (NAPP) >10 kg H2SO4tonne(-1), and a S-content >3%, which can be classified as a high acid-forming capacity. Simulated runoff in the column tests was equivalent to 5-year average rainfall in Indonesia, the resultant leachates showed acidic behaviour (pH < 3.5). Based on the results, it was found that high mobilization of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) takes place under strong acidic conditions (pH approximately equal 2).
酸性矿山排水是煤炭和金属采矿业目前面临的最严重的环境问题之一。低pH值排水的产生会增加水中重金属的溶解。本研究中使用的样本来自矿渣堆的三个矿坑。在本文报道的一项研究中，进行了三种类型的测试，即静态测试、动力学测试和柱测试，以估计产酸和酸中和反应速率，并预测金属的溶解度及其释放速率。静态测试表明，所有样本的净产酸pH值（NAG pH）<4，净产酸潜力（NAPP）>10 kg H2SO4吨（-1），硫含量>3%，可归类为高成酸能力。柱测试中的模拟径流相当于印度尼西亚5年平均降雨量，产生的渗滤液呈酸性（pH<3.5）。基于这些结果，发现在强酸性条件下（pH约为2）会发生重金属（铬、铜、锌、镉和铅）的高迁移率。
