Cheetham Jonathan, Nixon Alan J
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Vet Surg. 2006 Apr;35(3):227-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2006.00141.x.
To identify sites for arthroscopic access to the palmar aspects of the antebrachiocarpal (AC) and middle carpal (MC) joints, and describe visible carpal bone surfaces for each approach.
Prospective experimental study.
Equine carpi: 16 cadavers, 8 live horses.
A latex model was used to identify possible sites for arthroscopic access to the palmar aspects of the AC and MC joints. Carpi (n = 24) were examined arthroscopically and arthroscopic access sites and visible carpal bone surfaces were described.
Arthroscopic approaches and instrument portals were developed for the medial and lateral aspects of the palmar pouches of the AC and MC joints. The palmar surface of the radial carpal bone and radius, and the dorsal articular surfaces of the accessory carpal bone, could be viewed using palmar approaches to the AC joint. The palmar aspect of the radial, third and second carpal bones (medially) and ulnar and fourth carpal bones (laterally) could be observed using a palmar approach to the MC joint.
Arthroscopic access, using separate medial and lateral portals to the AC and MC joints, allowed assessment of portions of the caudodistal radius, the palmar surfaces of the radial, ulnar, second, third and fourth carpal bones, and the dorsal aspect of the accessory carpal bone.
Arthroscopic approaches to the palmar aspect of the carpus could be used to remove fracture fragments, and to assess the medial palmar intercarpal ligaments.
确定关节镜进入前臂腕关节（AC）和腕中关节（MC）掌侧的部位，并描述每种入路可见的腕骨表面。
前瞻性实验研究。
马的腕关节：16具尸体，8匹活马。
使用乳胶模型确定关节镜进入AC和MC关节掌侧的可能部位。对24个腕关节进行关节镜检查，并描述关节镜入路部位和可见的腕骨表面。
为AC和MC关节掌侧囊的内侧和外侧设计了关节镜入路和器械通道。通过AC关节的掌侧入路，可以观察到桡腕骨和桡骨的掌面以及副腕骨的背侧关节面。通过MC关节的掌侧入路，可以观察到桡侧、第三和第二腕骨（内侧）以及尺侧和第四腕骨（外侧）的掌面。
通过分别在AC和MC关节使用内侧和外侧通道进行关节镜检查，可以评估桡骨远尾端的部分、桡侧、尺侧、第二、第三和第四腕骨的掌面以及副腕骨的背面。
关节镜进入腕关节掌侧的方法可用于清除骨折碎片，并评估掌侧腕骨间韧带。
