Hou S-Y, Zhang H-Y, Quan D-P, Liu X-L, Zhu J-K
Department of Orthopedic and Microsurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Neuroscience. 2006 Jun 19;140(1):101-10. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.01.066. Epub 2006 Apr 25.
Bone marrow stromal cells are multipotential stem cells that contribute to the differentiation of tissues such as bone, cartilage, fat and muscle. In the experiment, we found that bone marrow stromal cells can be induced to differentiate into cells expressing characteristic markers of Schwann cells, such as S-100 and glial fibrillary acidic protein, promoting peripheral nerve regeneration. Tissue-engineered bioartificial nerve grafting of rats by differentiated bone marrow stromal cells was applied for bridging a 10 mm-long sciatic nerve defect. Twenty-eight inbred strains of female F344 rats weighing 160 approximately 200 g were randomly divided into four nerve grafting groups, with seven rats in each group. Differentiated bone marrow stromal cell-laden group: poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid tubes with an intrinsic framework were seeded with syngeneic bone marrow stromal cells which were induced for 5 days; Schwann cell-laden group: poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid tubes with an intrinsic framework were seeded with syngeneic Schwann cells; acellular group: poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid tubes were only filled with an intrinsic framework; autografts group. Three months later, a series of examinations was performed, including electrophysiological methods, walking track analysis, immunohistological staining of nerves, immunostaining of S-100 and neurofilament, and axon counts. The outcome indicated that bone marrow stromal cells are able to differentiate into Schwann-like cells and Schwann-like cells could promote nerve regeneration. Bone marrow stromal cells may be potentially optional seed cells for peripheral nerve tissue engineering because of abilities of promoting axonal regeneration.
骨髓基质细胞是多能干细胞，有助于骨、软骨、脂肪和肌肉等组织的分化。在实验中，我们发现骨髓基质细胞可被诱导分化为表达施万细胞特征性标志物（如S-100和胶质纤维酸性蛋白）的细胞，从而促进周围神经再生。将经分化的骨髓基质细胞进行大鼠组织工程生物人工神经移植，用于桥接10毫米长的坐骨神经缺损。将28只体重约160至200克的近交系雌性F344大鼠随机分为四个神经移植组，每组7只。分化的骨髓基质细胞负载组：将具有内部支架的聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物管接种同基因骨髓基质细胞，并诱导5天；施万细胞负载组：将具有内部支架的聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物管接种同基因施万细胞；无细胞组：聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物管仅填充内部支架；自体移植组。三个月后，进行了一系列检查，包括电生理方法、行走轨迹分析、神经免疫组织化学染色、S-100和神经丝免疫染色以及轴突计数。结果表明，骨髓基质细胞能够分化为类施万细胞，且类施万细胞能够促进神经再生。由于具有促进轴突再生的能力，骨髓基质细胞可能是周围神经组织工程潜在的理想种子细胞。
