Bernstein Judith, Bernstein Edward, Shepard Donald S, Valentine Anne, Heeren Timothy, Winter Michael, Levenson Suzette, Beaston-Blaakman Aaron, Tassiopoulos Kathryn, Hingson Ralph
Department of Maternal and Child Health, Brandeis University, USA.
J Ethn Subst Abuse. 2006;5(2):35-50. doi: 10.1300/J233v05n02_03.
This study describes differences in health care utilization and recorded diagnoses in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of 1175 out-of-treatment patients who screened positive for heroin and cocaine use during an outpatient visit to a drop-in clinic at an urban hospital. Blacks averaged more ED visits than Whites and higher average yearly ED charges than Hispanics (1,991 dollars vs. 1,603 dollars). Charges over two years totaled 6,111,660 dollars. Blacks were most likely to be diagnosed with injury, hypertension, cardiac disease, alcohol abuse/dependency, and sexually transmitted disease, and least likely to be diagnosed with psychiatric disease. Hispanics were most likely to be diagnosed with HIV, dental disease and drug overdoses, and least likely to be injured. Only 34% of this group of drug users was identified with a diagnosis of drug abuse or dependency.
本研究描述了1175名在城市医院的一家门诊诊所就诊时筛查出海洛因和可卡因使用呈阳性的未接受治疗患者的种族和民族多样化样本中，医疗保健利用情况和记录诊断的差异。黑人的急诊就诊次数平均比白人多，每年的急诊费用平均比西班牙裔高（1991美元对1603美元）。两年的费用总计6111660美元。黑人最有可能被诊断出患有损伤、高血压、心脏病、酒精滥用/依赖和性传播疾病，最不可能被诊断出患有精神疾病。西班牙裔最有可能被诊断出患有艾滋病毒、牙科疾病和药物过量，最不可能受伤。在这组吸毒者中，只有34%被诊断为药物滥用或依赖。
