Bernabé Eduardo, Flores-Mir Carlos
Department of Social Dentistry, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Angle Orthod. 2006 May;76(3):417-21. doi: 10.1043/0003-3219(2006)076[0417:OTNIPY]2.0.CO;2.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the frequency and severity of the malocclusion and treatment needs in Peruvian young adults. The second aim was to compare the orthodontic treatment needs according to sex and socio-economic status (SES). This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University Dental Clinic of a private university in Lima, Peru. A total of 267 freshmen (from 16 to 25 years old) were randomly selected from a pool of 780 students. Students wearing an orthodontic appliance or reporting a history of orthodontic treatment were excluded from the study. Clinical examinations were conducted using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare the DAI scores according to sex and SES, respectively. The mean DAI score was 28.87 points (IC(95%) 27.77; 29.97, where IC indicates interval of confidence). Around one-third of the sample presented severe or very severe malocclusion, which implies a highly desirable or mandatory orthodontic treatment need. No statistically significant difference was found between the DAI scores according to sex (P = .592) and SES (P = .397). Approximately one-third of the evaluated Peruvian young adults would need orthodontic treatment according to the DAI. In this population, malocclusion was characterized by a relatively high frequency of missing teeth, appreciable dental crowding, and inadequate anteroposterior relationships.
本研究的目的是评估秘鲁年轻成年人错牙合畸形的频率和严重程度以及治疗需求。第二个目的是根据性别和社会经济地位（SES）比较正畸治疗需求。这项横断面研究在秘鲁利马一所私立大学的大学牙科诊所进行。从780名学生中随机选取了267名大一新生（年龄在16至25岁之间）。佩戴正畸矫治器或有正畸治疗史的学生被排除在研究之外。使用牙科美学指数（DAI）进行临床检查。分别使用曼-惠特尼检验和克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验根据性别和SES比较DAI分数。平均DAI分数为28.87分（95%置信区间为27.77；29.97，其中IC表示置信区间）。大约三分之一的样本呈现严重或非常严重的错牙合畸形，这意味着有非常必要或必须进行正畸治疗的需求。根据性别（P = 0.592）和SES（P = 0.397），DAI分数之间未发现统计学上的显著差异。根据DAI，大约三分之一接受评估的秘鲁年轻成年人需要正畸治疗。在这一人群中，错牙合畸形的特点是牙齿缺失频率相对较高、明显的牙列拥挤以及前后关系不适当。
