Bakker M K, Jentink J, Vroom F, Van Den Berg P B, De Walle H E K, De Jong-Van Den Berg L T W
EUROCAT Northern Netherlands, Department of Medical Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
BJOG. 2006 May;113(5):559-68. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2006.00927.x.
To compare the prescription of drugs in women over a period from 2 years before until 3 months after pregnancy, regarding the type of drugs used and the fetal risk.
A cohort study based on pharmacy records of women giving birth to a child between 1994 and 2003.
The study was performed with data from the InterAction database, containing prescription-drug-dispensing data from community pharmacies.
The study population included 5412 women for whom complete pharmacy records were available.
Drugs were classified into three categories: (1) drugs for chronic conditions, (2) drugs for occasional use and (3) drugs for pregnancy-related symptoms and also classified according to the Australian classification system.
The prescription rate was calculated as the number of women per 100 women who received one or more prescriptions for a given drug within a specified time period.
About 79.1% of the women received at least one prescription during pregnancy. The prescription rate for most drugs for chronic diseases and for occasional use decreased during pregnancy, whereas, as expected, the prescription rate for pregnancy-related drugs increased. During the first trimester of pregnancy, 1.7% of all drugs prescribed for chronic conditions and 2.3% of the occasional drugs were classified as harmful.
The increase in prescription rate during pregnancy is caused by an increase in prescription rate of drugs for pregnancy-related symptoms. The prescription of harmful drugs is more commonly associated with drugs for occasional use rather than with drugs for chronic conditions. Therefore, a more cautious prescribing of drugs to healthy women in the fertile age is necessary.
比较女性在怀孕前2年至怀孕后3个月期间的用药情况，包括所用药物类型及胎儿风险。
一项基于1994年至2003年间分娩女性药房记录的队列研究。
该研究使用了InterAction数据库的数据，该数据库包含社区药房的处方药配药数据。
研究人群包括5412名有完整药房记录的女性。
药物分为三类：（1）慢性病用药；（2）偶尔使用的药物；（3）与妊娠相关症状的药物，并根据澳大利亚分类系统进行分类。
处方率计算为在特定时间段内每100名女性中接受某一特定药物一张或多张处方的女性人数。
约79.1%的女性在孕期至少接受过一张处方。大多数慢性病用药和偶尔使用药物的处方率在孕期下降，而正如预期的那样，与妊娠相关药物的处方率上升。在妊娠早期，所有慢性病用药处方中有1.7%以及偶尔使用药物中有2.3%被归类为有害药物。
孕期处方率的增加是由与妊娠相关症状药物处方率的增加引起的。有害药物的处方更常与偶尔使用的药物相关，而非慢性病用药。因此，有必要对育龄期健康女性更谨慎地开药。
